Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – Inorganic silicon containing component
Reexamination Certificate
2000-09-11
2003-01-14
Boyer, Charles (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
Inorganic silicon containing component
C510S276000, C510S298000, C510S302000, C510S444000, C510S445000, C510S446000, C510S334000, C510S531000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06506722
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to cogranulates comprising alkali metal phyllosilicates and disintegrants and to the use thereof in detergents and cleaners in tablet form.
WO 95/21908 has already disclosed tablets for use in detergents and cleaners, which are obtained by compressing a mixture consisting essentially of phyllosilicates and organic disintegrants, such as, for example, cellulose or cellulose derivatives. Both components are in powder form.
WO 98/40462 describes compacts which comprise cellulosic material in granulate form, and WO 98/40463 describes tablets which comprise cellulose-containing granulates and other constituents. These other constituents, which also include crystalline and amorphous silicates, can likewise be in the form of a granulate, although in each case the cellulose-containing granulate is free from silicates.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
We have now found that cogranulates comprising alkali metal phyllosilicates and a disintegrant can be used advantageously for the disintegration of tablets for detergents and cleaners.
The invention provides cogranulates comprising alkali metal phyllosilicates and disintegrants.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Preferred alkali metal phyllosilicates which can be used advantageously in the cogranulates according to the invention are those of the formula NaMSi
x
O
2x+1
·yH
2
O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4, and y is a number from 0 to 20, and preferred values for x are 2, 3 or 4. Such phyllosilicates are described in EP-B-0 164 514, to which reference is expressly made here. Preferred phyllosilicates are those in which M is sodium, and x assumes the values 2 or 3. In particular, both beta- and delta-sodium disilicates Na
2
Si
2
O
5
·yH
2
O are preferred, it being possible to obtain beta-sodium disilicate, for example, by the process described in WO-A-91/08171. Beta-sodium disilicate is available commercially under the name SKS 7, and delta-sodium disilicate is available commercially under the name SKS 6 (commercial products from Clariant GmbH).
Further phyllosilicates which can be used preferentially for the cogranulate according to the invention are described in DE-A-198 30 591.5. This is a finely divided crystalline layered sodium disilicate of the formula NaMSi
x
O
2x+1
. yH
2
O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20, which is notable for the fact that it has a content of from 0 to 40% by weight of alpha-disodium silicate, 0 to 40% by weight of beta-disodium disilicate, 40 to 100% by weight of delta-dinatrium disilicate and 0 to 40% by weight of amorphous fractions, and a screen oversize residue of less than 60%, and is free from sodium metasilicate.
DE-A-196 01 063 describes a crystalline sodium phyllosilicate of the formula xNa
2
O*ySiO
2
*zP
2
O
5
with an x:y ratio of from 0.35 to 0.6, an x:z ratio of from 1.75 to 1200 and a y:z ratio of from 4 to 2800. These phosphorus-containing phyllosilicates, which have a high degree of crystallinity and a very high calcium-binding capacity, are likewise preferably used for the cogranulate according to the invention.
Also used according to the invention are crystalline alkali metal phyllosilicates of the formula a M
I
2
O * b EO
2
* c X
2
O
5
* d ZO
3
·SiO
2
* e H
2
O, in which M
I
is an alkali metal, E is an element from the fourth main group, X is an element from the fifth main group and Z is an element from the sixth main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements, and where the following apply:
0.25≦a≦6.25
2.5·10
−4
≦b≦5.63
0≦c≦2.81
0≦d≦5.63
0≦e≦15.3
In this connection, preferred crystalline alkali metal phyllosilicates are those which have a certain content of phosphorus, sulfur and/or carbon.
Suitable silicates are, however, also highly alkaline crystalline sodium silicates of the composition.
All following percentages refer to percentages by weight, unless otherwise stated.
Na
2
O * x SiO
2
* y H
2
O
where x is a number between 1.2 and 2.1, and y is a number between 0 and 20, and the highly alkaline crystalline sodium silicate consists of 70 to 98% by weight of layered disodium disilicates and 2 to 30% by weight of non-phyllosiliceous sodium silicates of the formula
Na
2
O*v SiO
2
*w H
2
O
in which v is a number between 0.05 and 2, and w is a number between 0 and 20.
Finally, preference is also given to using sparingly soluble alkali metal silicates which are notable for the fact that they comprise alkali metal phyllosilicates in finely dispersed form in a non-phyllosiliceous alkali metal silicate environment of the formula x M
I
2
O·y SiO
2
, in which M
1
is an alkali metal and y/x is (1.9 to 500): 1. In this connection, the alkali metal silicate corresponds overall to the formula
a M
I
2
O·b M
II
O·c X
2
O
3
·d Z
2
O
5
·e SiO
2
·f H
2
O
in which M
I
is an alkali metal, M
II
is an alkaline earth metal, X is an element from the third main group and Z is an element from the fifth main group of the Periodic Table of the Elements and where the following apply:
0≦a≦1;
0≦b≦0.5;
0≦c/e≦0.05;
0≦d/e≦0.25;
1.9≦e≦4;
0≦ff≦20
Preference is given here to sparingly soluble alkali metal silicates which have a certain content of alkaline earth metal ions (magnesium and/or calcium), boron and/or phosphorus.
Suitable disintegrants are, in particular, starch and starch derivatives, cellulose and cellulose derivatives, for example microcrystalline cellulose, CMC MC, alginic acid and salts thereof, carboxymethylamylopectin, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinylpolypyrrolidone. Particular preference is given to the use of cellulose in the form of compacted pulp, such as TMP (thermomechanical pulp) or CTMP (chemothermomechanical pulp). Such products are available, for example, under the type designations Arbocel®-B and Arbocel®-BC (beechwood cellulose), Arbocel®-BE (beechwood sulfite cellulose), Arbocel®-B-SCH (cotton cellulose), Arbocel®-FIC (spruce cellulose) and other Arbocel® grades (Arbocel®-TF-30-HG) from Rettenmaier. Particular preference is given to those celluloses which have an average fiber length to diameter ratio of 16 to 1, preferably 10 to 4. Such products are available under the name Arbocel® TIC 200 and Arbocel® FDY 600 from Rettenmaier. Also preferred are microcrystalline celluloses, such as, for example, the Hewetten® grades (e.g. Heweften 200) and Vivapur grades (e.g. Vivapur 200).
The cogranulate preferably consists of 1 to 30% of disintegrants and 70 to 99% of alkali metal phyllosilicate. Particular preference is given to lower cellulose contents, especially between 5 and 19%. As further ingredients, the cogranulates can comprise between and 1 and 30% of granulation auxiliaries and phlegmatizers and also additional disintegration-promoting components.
Granulation auxiliaries and phlegmatizers are water, water glass, polyethylene glycol, nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, polycarboxylate copolymer, glycerol or ethylene glycol.
Disintegration-promoting components are readily soluble materials, generally alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal hydrogencarbonates, alkali metal silicates, alkali metal sulfates, alkali metal hydrogensulfates, alkali metal halides, alkali metal phosphates, alkali metal dihydrogenphosphates, alkali metal hydrogenphosphates, alkali metal borates, organic acids and salts thereof (citrates, acetates, formates, ascorbates etc.) or readily soluble organic compounds (e.g. urea). Readily soluble materials help to maintain or increase the porosity during the disintegration phase of the tablet. Preference is given to substances which form water of hydration, particular preference to those whose crystal lattice expands as a result of the incorporation of water of crystallization.
Swelling materials, such as, for example, smectites, polyvinylpyrrolidones, starches, can also be used as the disintegration-promoting component.
Suitable disintegration-promoting components are also substances which react with one another or with water with t
Bauer Harald
Holz Josef
Pelissou Armelle
Schimmel Guenther
Boyer Charles
Clariant GmbH
Silverman Richard P.
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