Coating process

Details Coating process Coating process

1992-01-21

1993-08-31

Beck, Shrive

Coating processes

With post-treatment of coating or coating material

Heating or drying

4273897, 427393, 4273935, B05D 714

Patent

active

052407446

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to surface coating and, more particularly, to the low-solvent coating of solid surfaces.
2. Statement of Related Art
Solvent-containing lacquers and paints are mainly used in conventional processes for coating solid surfaces, especially metal and wood surfaces. In an effort to save organic solvents or to avoid them for ecological or safety reasons, water-based lacquers on the one hand and low-solvent and solventless coating systems on the other hand have recently been developed in addition to conventional lacquers and paints. In the field of low-solvent and solventless coating systems, a distinction is drawn between so-called powder lacquers and coatings applied in a liquid form. In powder lacquer technology, curable compounds or preformed thermoplastic polymers are applied to the surface in finely divided form, generally by electrostatic spraying, and are generally cured or melted to form a film by exposure to heat. The systems applied in liquid form are generally reactive compounds of relatively low molecular weight which polymerize on the surface and thus form a solid film.
For coating systems of this type applied in liquid form, only a few of the large number of polymerizable compounds have so far been successful. Polymerizable cyclic iminoethers have not hitherto been proposed as compounds for coating systems of this type. Solventless and low-solvent lacquers based on reactive epoxides, isocyanates, acrylates and melamine resins, some of which give very high-quality coatings, are of importance today. However, they are only used in narrow fields of application because not least their price and certain toxicological objections to some of the reactive components are obstacles to their use on a wide scale. A further explanation of the prior art can be found in the specialist literature, cf. for example Ullmanns Encyklopadie der technischen Chemie, 4th Edition, Vol. 15, Weinheim (1978), pages 590 et seq. and the original literture cited therein.


DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION



Summary of the Invention

For the reasons explained above, there is still a need to develop new and altogether more advantageous coating processes. The present invention addresses this problem.
The present invention relates to a process for coating solid surfaces in which a mixture of .DELTA..sup.2 -5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine structure, monoiminoethers having a .DELTA..sup.2 -oxazoline or .DELTA..sup.2 -5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazine structure or from the group of lactones containing 4, 5, 6 or 7 ring members,
The process according to the invention is suitable for surfaces of various materials, including metal, wood, glass and plastics, providing they are capable of withstanding the temperatures required for curing. It leads to compact, smooth coatings which are distinguished by high adhesive strength, hardness and elasticity and by high gloss. Another advantage over known systems is that the final polymerizable mixture can be stored for very long periods at room temperature.


DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The individual components of the mixture to be applied to the surface are described in more detail in the following. Where reference is made to earlier publications, their respective disclosures are specifically included in the subject matter of the present application.


Component a

Suitable cyclic polyminoethers are compounds which contain the group ##STR1## two or more times in their molecule. In formula I, Z is either a direct bond or the group CR.sup.5 R.sup.6 and the substituents R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 independently of one another represent H, alkyl or aryl containing up to 8 carbon atoms. Polyiminoethers in which at least 4 of the substituents R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 are hydrogen atoms and the others consist of C.sub.1-3 alkyl are preferred. Compounds in which I is a 2-.DELTA..sup.2 -oxazoline group, i.e. Z is a direct bond, are also preferred. Of these compounds, those having the following substitution patterns are particularly preferred:

REFERENCES:
patent: 3373194 (1968-03-01), Fuhrmann et al.
patent: 4365056 (1982-12-01), Sunder-Plassman
patent: 4600766 (1986-07-01), Arita et al.

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