Textiles: knitting – Needle cooperating elements – Sinkers or web holders
Patent
1995-08-11
1997-07-01
Crowder, C. D.
Textiles: knitting
Needle cooperating elements
Sinkers or web holders
66116, 66123, 66125R, 427438, 427577, D04B 1506, D04B 1538, H05H 124
Patent
active
056426321
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
1. Technical Field
This invention relates to knitting parts such as a guide, a needle, a tongue, a sinker, a separator, a jacquard guide needle and the like, which have a portion contacting with knitting yarn when they are fitted to a knitting machine to perform knitting, and a method of coating the surfaces thereof, and more in detail, to a surface coating technology to improve durability of such parts with sufficient cost effectiveness.
2. Background of Technology
This invention will be described using a warp knitting machine as an example, though knitting machines include a warp, a flat, a circular knitting machine and the like, and similarly it can be applied to such a flat or circular machine.
The warp knitting machine is roughly classified into tricot and raschel machines, on which a sectional beam wound with knitting yarn or a warp end is usually mounted, the warp end being supplied therefrom to a knitting needle line to perform knitting.
The knitting parts (tool) consisting of a knitting section of a warp knitting machine comprises a thin sheet-formed "guide" of about 200 .mu.m thickness which is located between a sectional beam and a knitting needle line and has a hole to guide knitting yarn or a warp end, a thin sheet-formed "needle" with a hook on a head end for knitted stitch formation, and a thin sheet-formed "tongue", which cooperatively participates in the knitted stitch formation together with the needle, and a "sinker", as well as a "separator", a "jacquard guide needle", etc. In general, a number of such parts are arranged parallel at very close spaces to form a block.
Generally, from viewpoints of easy processing and wear resistance, a carbon steel base material which is shaped to profile each of these parts and is coated by means of wet chromium plating, or a stainless steel base material, are used to make the various knitting parts described above.
The durability of such knitting parts, however, has been in serious question due to the increasing speed of knitting machines, diversification of materials for knitting yarn (such as high strength fibers or modified fibers), and the employment of various kinds of sizing.
Namely, the knitting parts such as guide, needle, tongue, sinker, separator, jacquard guide needle, etc., tend to wear out at a portion contacting with knitting yarn, which causes hairiness or end breakage of the yarn. Thus, the durability of such knitting parts is an important factor to decide the operational effectiveness of machines and the cost of products, because it requires a great deal of expense, effort and time to replace a great number of these parts used in a machine so as to prevent such trouble with the yarn as described above.
Then, it has been proposed to coat the surface of knitting parts (tool) for warp knitting machines with a high hardness coating of metals such as tantalum (Ta), tungsten (W), titanium nitride(TiN), titanium-tungsten alloy (TiW), etc. (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 4-41,755).
It has also been known, however, that the wear of knitting parts typically represented by the needle or guide is a phenomenon depending on combinations of such factors as kinds of fibers, impact pressure, vibration characteristics, etc., and that satisfactory results are not necessarily obtained by a coating of high surface hardness.
Particularly, also in the case of a needle or a guide coated with titanium nitride which is known as a coating compound having a high hardness, no increase in durability was observed compared with a conventional carbon steel base material coated by means of chromium plating, and there was the problem that the substrate was softened due to a higher treating temperature.
Further, it is also reported that the toughness of a base material itself is lost and, as a result, the durability is decreased when a coating of high hardness is thickly formed on the base material.
From this point of view, it is necessary to improve the durability without spoiling inherent properties of the base material. The inventors confirmed that it w
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Nanya Takanori
Yoshino Nobuyuki
Citizen Watch Co. Ltd.
Crowder C. D.
Worrell Jr. Larry D.
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