Clear, cosmetic preparations containing fatty alcohol...

Details Clear, cosmetic preparations containing fatty alcohol... Clear, cosmetic preparations containing fatty alcohol...

2001-10-24

2004-04-20

Padmanabhan, Sreeni (Department: 1617)

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Live hair or scalp treating compositions

Polymer containing

C424S070190

Reexamination Certificate

active

06723311

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Prior Art
For the production of cosmetic preparations, surfactants and oils may be mixed with one another in any ratio according to the application envisaged. Hitherto, the corresponding formulations have contained alkanolamides which belong to the “nitrosamine-forming substances”. Nitrosamines can have a harmful effect in any quantity, however small, not only through their presence in cosmetics, but also if they enter the body. For this reason, cosmetic preparations with no alkanolamides are desirable. By contrast, the removal of alkanolamides from the surfactant mixtures leads to cloudy formulations on mixing with oil components.
Accordingly, the problem addressed by the present invention was to provide clear, water-free cosmetic preparations which would not turn cloudy, even in storage, by mixing alkanolamide-free surfactant mixtures with defined quantities of oil components.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates, in general, to clear, alkanolamide- and water-free cosmetic preparations for use in skin and hair care with a defined content of a mixture of fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates, fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers and/or alk(en)yl oligoglycosides, and one or more oil components.
The present invention also relates to the use of these mixtures for the production of clear, alkanolamine-free cosmetic preparations.
It has surprisingly been found that clear water-free cosmetic preparations can be obtained from cloudy, alkanolamide-free surfactant mixtures consisting of fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates, fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers and/or alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides by adding a defined quantity of oil components.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Fatty Alcohol Polyglycol Ether Sulfates
It is known that alkyl ether sulfates (“ether sulfates”) which form component (a1) are anionic surfactants which are industrially produced by the sulfation of fatty alcohol or oxoalcohol polyglycol ethers with SO
3
or chlorosulfonic acid (CSA) and subsequent neutralization. Ether sulfates suitable for the purposes of the invention correspond to formula (I):
R
1
O—(CH
2
CH
2
O)
n
SO
3
X  (I)
in which R
1
is a linear or branched alkyl and/or alkenyl group containing 12 to 18 carbon atoms, n is a number of 1 to 5 and X is ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium or glucammonium. Typical examples are the sulfates of addition products of on average 1 to 5 and, more particularly, 2 to 3 moles of ethylene oxide onto caproic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, 2-ethyl hexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmitoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and brassidyl alcohol and technical mixtures thereof in the form of their alkyl, preferably monoisopropanolammonium salts. The ether sulfates may have both a conventional homolog distribution and a narrow homolog distribution. It is particularly preferred to use ether sulfates based on addition products of, on average, 2 to 3 moles of ethylene oxide with technical C
12/18
, preferably C
12/14
fatty alcohol fractions in the form of their alkyl, preferably monoisopropanolammonium salts.
Fatty Alcohol Polyglycol Ethers
Fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers which form component (a2) are primary aliphatic polyglycol ethers corresponding to formula (II):
R
2
O(CH
2
CH
2
O)
m
H  (II)
in which R
2
is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C
12-18
hydrocarbon radical and m is a number of on average 2 to 6. Typical examples are products of the addition of on average 2 to 6 moles of ethylene oxide onto lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmitoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, linolyl alcohol, linolenyl alcohol and elaeostearyl alcohol and the technical mixtures thereof obtained, for example, in the high-pressure hydrogenation of technical methyl esters based on fats and oils or aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis and as monomer fraction in the dimerization of unsaturated fatty alcohol. Ethoxylates of technical C
12-14
fatty alcohols, for example coconut or palm kernel fatty alcohol, are preferred.
Alkyl and/or Alkyl Oligoglycosides
Alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides which form component (a3) are known nonionic surfactants which correspond to formula (III):
R
3
O—[G]
p
  (III)
where R
3
is an alkyl and/or alkenyl group containing 4 to 22 carbon atoms, G is a sugar unit containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number of 1 to 10. They may be obtained by the relevant methods of preparative organic chemistry. The overviews presented by Bierman et al. in Starch/Stärke 45, 281 (1993), by B. Salka in Cosm. Toil. 108, 89 (1993) and by J. Kahre in SÖFW-Journal No. 8, 598 (1995) are cited as representative of the extensive literature available on this subject.
The alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides may be derived from aldoses or ketoses containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably glucose. Accordingly, the preferred alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides are alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglucosides. The index p in general formula (III) indicates the degree of oligomerization (DP), i.e. the distribution of mono- and oligoglycosides, and is a number of 1 to 10. Whereas p in a given compound must always be an integer and, above all, may assume a value of 1 to 6, the value p for a certain alkyl oligoglycoside is an analytically determined calculated quantity which is generally a broken number. Alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides having an average degree of oligomerization p of 1.1 to 3.0 are preferably used. Alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides having a degree of oligomerization of less than 1.7 and, more particularly, between 1.2 and 1.4 are preferred from the applicational point of view. The alkyl or alkenyl radical R
3
may be derived from primary alcohols containing 4 to 11 and preferably 8 to 10 carbon atoms. Typical examples are butanol, caproic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol and undecyl alcohol and the technical mixtures thereof obtained, for example, in the hydrogenation of technical fatty acid methyl esters or in the hydrogenation of aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis. Alkyl oligoglucosides having a chain length of C
8
to C
10
(DP=1 to 3), which are obtained as first runnings in the separation of technical C
8-18
coconut oil fatty alcohol by distillation and which may contain less than 6% by weight of C
12
alcohol as an impurity, and also alkyl oligoglucosides based on technical C
9/11
oxoalcohols (DP=1 to 3) are preferred. In addition, the alkyl or alkenyl radical R
3
may also be derived from primary alcohols containing 12 to 22 and preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms. Typical examples are lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmitoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol, brassidyl alcohol and technical mixtures thereof which may be obtained as described above. Alkyl oligoglucosides based on hydrogenated C
12/14
coconut oil fatty alcohol having a DP of 1 to 3 are preferred.
Oil Components
Suitable oil components which form component (b) are, for example, Guerbet alcohols based on fatty alcohols containing 6 to 18 and preferably 8 to 10 carbon atoms, esters of linear C
6-22
fatty acids with linear C
6-22
fatty alcohols, esters of branched C
6-13
carboxylic acids with linear C
6-22
fatty alcohols, esters of linear C
6-22
fatty acids with branched alcohols, more particularly 2-ethyl hexanol, esters of hydroxycarboxylic acids with linear or branched C
6-22
fatty alcohols, more particularly dioctyl malate, esters of linear and/or branched fatty acids with polyhydric alcohols (for example propylene glycol, dimer diol or trimer triol) and/or Guerbet alcohols, triglycerides ba

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