Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-09-12
2002-12-03
Boyer, Charles (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
C510S245000, C510S253000, C510S269000, C510S367000, C510S372000, C510S375000, C510S379000, C510S380000, C510S384000, C510S391000, C510S504000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06489281
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to cleaning compositions, methods for manufacturing a cleaning composition, and methods for using a cleaning composition to clean and brighten an aluminum surface.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Many vehicle washing compositions include hydrofluoric acid as a cleaning and polishing agent. Hydrofluoric acid works well for cleaning and polishing aluminum. Cleaning compositions containing hydrofluoric acid are used in commercial automobile and/or truck washing facilities. The presence of hydrofluoric acid in a cleaning composition presents a health hazard.
A composition for use on aluminum, which includes hydrofluoric acid, is described by U.S. Pat. No. 3,988,254 to Mori. Cleaning compositions for use on aluminum which have been developed as replacements for compositions containing hydrofluoric acid are described by U.S. Patent Nos. 5,248,399 to Meguro, et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 5,336,425 to Aoki, et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 5,382,295 to Aoki, et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 5,464,484 to Rodzewich; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,514,293 to Shimakura, et al.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A cleaning composition is provided according to the invention. The cleaning composition includes a product of mixing an acid component having a first pk
a
of about 2.5 or less and being less oxidizing than nitric acid, a source of phosphoric acid component to provide phosphoric acid, and an oxidant component. The molar ratio of oxidant component to phosphoric acid component is preferably between about 2:1 and about 1:2, and the molar ratio of oxidant component to acid component is preferably between about 1:3 and about 1:5.
A method of cleaning an aluminum surface is provided. The method includes a step of applying the cleaning composition to an aluminum surface, and rinsing the cleaning composition from the aluminum surface.
A method for manufacturing a cleaning composition is provided. The method includes a step of mixing an acid component having a first pK
a
of about 2.5 or less and being less oxidizing than nitric acid, a source of phosphoric acid component to provide phosphoric acid, and an oxidant component.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The cleaning composition according to the invention can be used to clean and brighten aluminum surfaces. The cleaning composition is particularly useful for cleaning aluminum surfaces provided on the exterior of motor vehicles such as automobiles, pick-up trucks, trucks, and trailers. Because of its effectiveness in brightening aluminum surfaces, the cleaning composition according to the invention can be referred to as a brightening composition.
The cleaning composition can be made available as a concentrate or as a use solution. The concentrate can be made available as a composition containing or not containing water. The use solution is preferably obtained from the concentrate by adding water to the concentrate. In general, it is expected that the cleaning composition will be transported as a concentrate and then diluted at the use location to provide a use solution. Preferably, the use solution will contain between about 0.1 wt. % and about 20 wt. % cleaning components, and more preferably between about 1 wt. % and about 5 wt. % of cleaning components. It should be understand that the term “cleaning components” refers to the non-water portion of the cleaning composition that is responsible for providing the cleaning and brightening properties.
The cleaning composition comprises a product of mixing an acid component having a first pk
a
of about 2.5 or less and being less oxidizing than nitric acid, a source of phosphoric acid component, and an oxidant component. The cleaning composition preferably includes a molar ratio of oxidant component to phosphoric acid of between about 2:1 and about 1:2, and a molar ratio of oxidant component or phosphoric acid to acid component of between about 1:3 and about 1:5. Preferably, the molar ratio of oxidant component to phosphoric acid is about 1:1.
The acid component having a first pk
a
of about 2.5 or less and being less oxidizing than nitric acid that can be used according to the invention includes acids that are generally considered strong and non-oxidizing acids. The acid component, if it is oxidizing at all, is less oxidizing than nitric acid. Preferably, the acid component excludes nitric acid. The level of oxidization exhibited by an acid is reported in Lang's
Handbook of Chemistry
, 13th Ed., McGraw-Hill Book Company. Exemplary acids that can be used according to the invention include sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, imidiphosphoric acid, thiocyanic acid, and mixtures thereof The acid component can include a mixture of two or more acids having a first pk
a
of about 2.5 or less and being less oxidizing than nitric acid.
The source of phosphoric acid component that can be used according to the invention includes any component that generates phosphoric acid when added to water. Exemplary sources of phosphoric acid include phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, and oxides of phosphorus. Exemplary oxides of phosphorus include phosphorus tetraoxide, phosphorus hexaoxide, and phosphorus decaoxide. A preferred source of phosphoric acid is phosphoric acid. The source of phosphoric acid component can include a mixture of two or more sources of phosphoric acid.
The oxidant component that can be used according to the invention includes those oxidants which exhibit an oxidation-reduction potential of greater than 0 volts, preferably greater than 0.5 volts, and even more preferably greater than 1.00 volts when measured as half-reactions at 25° C. as reported in
Lange's Handbook of Chemistry
, 13th ed., McGraw-Hill Book Company. Exemplary oxidants that can be used according to the invention include peroxygen compounds, ozone, halogens and their oxides, manganese compounds, chromium compounds, cerium compounds, vanadium compounds, copper compounds, silver compounds, iron compounds, titanium compounds, and mixtures thereof. Examples of peroxygen compounds include hydrogen peroxide, physical adducts of hydrogen peroxide, peroxycarboxylic acids and their salts and esters, peroxysulfuric acids and their salts and esters, peroxyphosphoric acids and their salts and esters, perborates, pertungstic acid, and permanganates. Examples of physical adducts of hydrogen peroxide include sodium percarbonate and urea peroxide. Examples of peroxycarboxylic acids include performic, peracetic, peroctanoic, 2-ethylhexanoic, and ocatdecanoic. Examples of peroxysulfuric acids include monoperoxysulfuric acid, diperoxysulfuric acid, dodecylbenzenepersulfonic acid, and octylpersulfonic acid. Examples of perborates include alkali metal salts such as sodium or lithium perborate and also perboric acid. Examples of permanganates include alkali metal salts such as sodium or potassium permanganate and also permanganic acid. An exemplary manganese compound includes manganese dioxide. Exemplary halogen compounds include chlorine, bromine, iodine, and their interhalogen compounds; chlorate, bromate, and iodate salts; chorine dioxide and bromine dioxide; chloric, bromic, and iodic acids and their salts; perchloric, perbromic, and periodic acids and their salts; quaternary ammonium/phosphonium/sulfonium polyhalides such as choline diiodochloride, tetramethylammonium tribromide, hexadecyltrimethylphosphonium dibromochloride, and octyltrimethylsulfonium dichlorobromide; inorganic polyhalides such as potassium tribromide, sodium dibromochloride, and lithium dichloroiodide. Exemplary chromium compounds include chromic acid and its alkali and metal salts. Exemplary cerium compounds include cerium (IV) salts such as CeO
2
or Ce(OH)
4
. Exemplary vanadium compounds include vanadium (III or higher) salts such as VCl
3
and V
2
O
5
. Exemplary silver compounds include silver (I) systems such as AgO. Exemplary iron compounds include iron (III) salts such as Fe
2
O
3
or FeCl
3
. Exemplary titanium compounds include titanium (IV) salts such as TiO
2
or TiI
4
. Hydrogen
Besse Michael E.
Hei Robert D. P.
Hoyt Jerry D.
Smith Kim R.
Boyer Charles
Ecolab Inc.
Merchant & Gould P.C.
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