Cleaning and liquid contact with solids – Processes – For metallic – siliceous – or calcareous basework – including...
Patent
1998-02-10
1999-09-21
El-Arini, Zeinab
Cleaning and liquid contact with solids
Processes
For metallic, siliceous, or calcareous basework, including...
134 40, 134 42, 510175, 510245, 510365, 510407, B08B 304, B08B 308, C23G 502, C23G 5024
Patent
active
059548860
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This is a national stage application of PCT/FR96/00584 filed Apr. 17, 1996.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to cycloalkanes which can be used as cleaning and degreasing agents, in a machine and in a non-aqueous medium, of solid surfaces such as metal components, ceramics, glass and plastics which have been soiled by machine oils or greases and/or oils or greases for their temporary protection.
These cycloalkanes can also be used for defluxing printed circuits. This defluxing operation consists in removing the welding flux.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Hitherto, hydrocarbon solvents were used for these various operations and mainly chlorinated solvents such as, in particular, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, known in the art by the name T 111, as well as chlorofluoroalkanes such as 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, known in the art by the name F 113.
However, these chloro and fluorochloro compounds are suspected of being responsible for the decrease in the stratospheric ozone layer which provides protection against certain radiations.
Following the Montreal Protocol which results from recent international discussions on the environment, these chloro or fluorochloro compounds will before long need to be replaced by substitutes having little or no destructive effect with respect to stratospheric ozone.
British patent application GB 2,175,004 proposes a cleaning composition for removing greases from metal or plastic surfaces, comprising from 85 to 97 parts by weight of non-aromatic hydrocarbons containing aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic compounds and from 3 to 15 parts by weight of aromatic compounds containing at least one alkyl group having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
However, this composition has the drawback of containing non-negligible amounts of aromatic compounds.
On account, in particular, of their relatively irritant nature, the use of such compounds in degreasing applications is seen to be increasingly limited, or even prohibited.
Application WO 91/19831 describes a composition comprising cycloparaffins, branched paraffins and at least one surfactant.
European patent application EP 0,474,053 describes, in Example 1 thereof, a composition consisting of:
Application WO 93/06204 relates to a composition consisting essentially of: hydrocarbons having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms,
Application WO 93/13246 relates to a composition comprising: distillation of petroleum, the said fraction containing not less than 92% by weight, based on the total weight of the fraction, of hydrocarbons chosen from naphthenic and paraffinic hydrocarbons having from 8 to 15 atoms, and aliphatic alcohols having from 5 to 15 carbon atoms.
Chemical Abstracts, Vol. 115, No. 16, No. 161650 relating to JP-A-03062896, describes a cleaning composition containing at least 70% by weight of a saturated cyclic hydrocarbon having from 9 to 18 carbon atoms, and 0.1 to 30% by weight of an aliphatic alcohol having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms and/or a nonionic surfactant.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It has now been found that a practically pure cycloalkane or a mixture of cycloalkanes having a flashpoint above 55.degree. C., measured according to ASTM standard D56-70, and a distillation range of from 175.degree. C. to 235.degree. C. could be used as an agent for cleaning and degreasing solid surfaces.
In the present case, the expression mixture of cycloalkanes denotes a mixture of saturated mono- or polycyclic hydrocarbons, optionally substituted with one or more alkyl residues, of general formula C.sub.n H.sub.2 (n+1-a)(I) in which n is an integer ranging from 5 to 26 and a represents the number of rings.
According to the present invention, a mixture of cycloalkanes of formula (I) in which n is an integer ranging from 8 to 12, and preferably ranging from 9 to 11, and a is an integer ranging from 1 to 5, and preferably ranging from 1 to 3, will preferably be used.
By way of illustration of such mixtures which can be used according to the present invention, mention may be made of the mixtures of (alkyl)cycloalkanes obtained by ca
REFERENCES:
patent: 5399282 (1995-03-01), Hansen et al.
Chemical abstracts, vol. 115, No. 16, abstract No. 161650, p. 137, Oct. 21, 1991 (JP A 03 062 896).
Database WPI, JP A 01 132 694 (abstract) May 25, 1989.
Database WPI, JP A 062 79 786 (abstract) Oct. 4, 1994.
Martin Jean-Jacques
Michaud Pascal
El-Arini Zeinab
Elf Atochem S.A.
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