Combustion – Fuel disperser installed in furnace – Disperser feeds into permeable mass – e.g. – checkerwork – etc.
Patent
1987-05-08
1988-07-05
Scott, Samuel
Combustion
Fuel disperser installed in furnace
Disperser feeds into permeable mass, e.g., checkerwork, etc.
122 4D, 110245, F23D 1900
Patent
active
047551348
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a circulating fluidized bed reactor comprising a vertical reactor chamber, means for separating solids from flue gases leaving the reactor chamber, the vortex chamber of which is mainly horizontal, a duct leading gases to the vortex chamber, a duct discharging purified gases from the vortex chamber and a duct connected to the vortex chamber leading solids back to the reactor.
BACKGROUND ART
The object of the invention is to accomplish a circulating fluidized bed reactor in which the gas discharge from the separator is so arranged that the reactor construction becomes simple and compact.
The circulating fluidized bed technique has long been applied e.g. in calcinators and is nowadays applied to growing extent in various reactors, such as steam boilers and gasifiers. In known applications the separation of solids from flue gases takes place in an ordinary, in its lower part funnel-shaped cyclone separator, in the cylindrical vortex chamber of which is disposed a gas outlet pipe that leads the gases upwards, and from which solids are returned to the reactor via a stand pipe.
In large circulating fluidized bed reactors several separators are usually used resulting in a complicated gas duct system, which requires several expansion joints.
As an example can be mentioned a circulating fluidized bed boiler known from the Swedish patent application No. 8203268-1 in which the back wall of the combustion chamber has been bended towards the front wall to form the ceiling of the combustion chamber. Directly under the ceiling is located a discharge opening for flue gases which is connected to the cyclone separator. The gas outlet opening of the cyclone separator is connected to a duct on top of the ceiling which duct has a connection to the vertical convection part, one wall of which is formed by the back wall of the combustion chamber. Because the cyclone separator is separated from the boiler and located on different side of the boiler than the convection part, the gas duct system becomes complicated and requires several expansion joints.
DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
In the circulating fluidized bed boiler according to the invention the horizontal cyclone separator has been constructed so that it has been possible to eliminate the above mentioned problems. Because the separator has been intergrated with the construction of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, a both space and material saving construction is accomplished.
From the Finnish patent application No. 841126 is known an apparatus in which the separation of solids takes place in a horizontal cyclone disposed above the reactor, into the horizontal vortex chamber of which the upwards flowing flue gases of the reactor are led tangentially and in which purified gases are discharged via one or both of the end walls of the separation chamber of the cyclone.
The apparatus according to the invention is mainly characterized by that the pipe/pipes leading purified gases from the vortex chamber have been connected to opening/openings on the periphery of the vortex chamber and extend inside the vortex chamber.
The gas discharging duct/ducts are preferably disposed to pass through the gas inlet duct.
By means of the solution according to the invention a more simple construction than that of FI No. 841126 is accomplished. The duct/ducts passing the gas inlet duct join the front and back walls of the combustion chamber together and thus make the construction stronger and steadier. The gas discharging ducts can be disposed in suitable places as regards the gas purification in order to accomplish an even gas discharge in the longitudinal direction of the separator by means of a plurality of discharge ducts. Further the gas discharge from several discharge ducts to the convection part of the steam boiler can be accomplished more simply. The solution is space saving.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The invention is described in more detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
FIG. 1 shows a ve
REFERENCES:
patent: 4419966 (1983-12-01), Jenkins et al.
Engstrom Folke
Lundqvist Ragnar G.
A. Ahlstrom Corporation
Flanigan Allen J.
Scott Samuel
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