Electricity: motive power systems – Switched reluctance motor commutation control
Patent
1987-12-07
1989-07-11
Ro, Bentsu
Electricity: motive power systems
Switched reluctance motor commutation control
318138, H02K 2912
Patent
active
048475408
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a circuit for controlling the switching of the power supply of a motor and its application to the variation of speed.
2. Discussion of the Background
Switching circuits for a motor are known, particularly for a direct current, brushless motor. An example of these switching circuits is constituted by U.S. Pat. No. 3,364,407, which describes a switching circuit for supplying a direct current, brushless motor, comprising a six-point output series winding. This switching circuit is controlled by Hall-effect sensors. Generally, this type of circuit comprises a certain number of semiconductors assuring the switching of the power and other semiconductors which assure the control of the switching elements. Moreover, these types of circuits comprise a certain number of resistive elements necessary for the good operation of the electronics, which gives rise to losses by Joule effect and a dissipation, in the form of heat, of the power supplied. Finally, in the example of embodiment proposed in this U.S. patent and in the prior art in general, there is no galvanic decoupling between the switching elements of the power and the elements which assure the control of the switching elements.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Consequently, a first object of the invention is to mitigate the drawbacks of the prior art and to propose a switching circuit for the power supply of motors which exhibit a galvanic insulation between the control signals and the switching elements of the power and comprising, at the same time the fewest elements possible, in particular, the fewest elements giving rise to power losses by dissipation by Joule effect, to improve efficiency.
This first objective is attained by the fact that the circuit for controlling the switching of a brushless, direct current motor comprises an exciting element solid in rotation with the rotating element of the motor, this exciting element working with stationary sensors equal in number to the number of windings of the motor and regularly distributed around the motor shaft on the periphery of the stationary element of the motor and placed according to determined angular sectors, so that the exciting elements passes successively in the immediate proximity of each of the sensors, these sensors normally being in a state of high impedance and passing to a state of low impedance when the exciting element, in its rotation movement, passes in immediate proximity of the sensor, and is characterized in that the exciting element covers an angular sector near the angular sector defining the successive space of two sensors, each sensor is mounted in a circuit comprising, in series, a single oscillator and the primary winding of a transformer associated with each sensor, said respective transformer comprising at least one secondary winding, one of the terminals is connected, by a half-wave rectifier circuit and a filtering circuit, at the control input of a static switch assuring the transmission of the supply voltage to the winding of the motor.
A second object is to make possible the use of this circuit with a star winding motor.
This second object is attained by the fact that the winding of the motor is a star and by the fact that the exciting element covers an angular sector slightly greater than 120 degrees, so as to be able to excite simultaneously two of the three sensors associated with the three-point star winding.
A third object is to make possible the use of the circuit with a motor having a symmetric winding.
This third object is attained by the fact that each transformer, associated with a sensor, comprises two secondary windings whose outputs are connected, by a half-wave rectifier circuit and a filtering circuit at, respectively, a first static switch connecting a half of the symmetric winding of the motor to the positive polarity of the power supply source and a second static switch connecting the other half of the winding to the negative polarity of the power supply source of the motor.
Anot
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Nathan Guy
Vicaine Bernard
Ro Bentsu
Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine
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