Plants – Herbaceous ornamnental flowering plant – Chrysanthemum
Plant Patent
2001-10-30
2004-05-04
Campell, Bruce R. (Department: 1661)
Plants
Herbaceous ornamnental flowering plant
Chrysanthemum
Plant Patent
active
PP014749
ABSTRACT:
Latin name of the genus and species of plant claimed:
Chrysanthemum morifolium.
Variety denomination: ‘MN90-275-27’.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention comprises a new and distinctive chrysanthemum plant, hereinafter referred to by the cultivar name ‘MN90-275-27’. The breeding program which resulted in the production of the new cultivar was carried out at St. Paul, Minn. In 1978, variety ‘77-4M3-7, a
Dendranthema×grandiflora
, a proprietary selection of the University of Minnesota breeding program, was selfed and the resulting seeds collected and planted. From the plants grown from the seeds, one line, identified as ‘79-Z142-2’ (unpatented) was selected. In 1981, variety 77-4M2-7’ was selfed again and the resulting seeds collect and planted. ‘77-4M2-7’ has the following characteristics: (a) the plant habit is upright; (b) the plant dimensions are that the plant has a diameter of about 18-20 inches tall by 12-14 inches wide; (c) the plant is hardy in zones 4-10 (west); (d) the flower of the plant is semi-double quill/spoon, yellow/bronze intensification under cooler temperatures; (e) the plant has leaves that are dark green in color, that are deeply raised; and (f) the plant is early season (6 weeks short day (hereinafter “SD” response group). From the plants grown from this seed, one line, identified as ‘82-124-3’, (unpatented) was selected. In 1985, a cross was made between ‘79-Z142-2’, as the female parent and ‘82-124-3’ as the male parent. The resulting seeds were collected. In 1986, seedlings from this cross were grown and flowering progeny evaluated. Seedling ‘86-135-38’ (unpatented) was selected and crossed as the female parent with ‘Patriot’ as the male parent in 1989. The male or pollen parent of ‘MN90-275-27’ was ‘Patriot’ cultivar (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,897) was commercially available from Yoder Brothers, Inc., Barberton, Ohio up until 1995 (when it was replaced by the variety known as ‘Nicole’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 7,507) and has the following characteristics: (a) the plant habit is cushion; (b) the plant dimensions are that the plant is 16-18 inches tall by 14-16 inches wide; (c) the plant is hardy in zones 6-10 (west); (d) the flower is white and decorative; (e) the plant has leaves that are dark green and deeply incised; and (f) the plant is in a 7 day SD response group. The resulting seed was collected. In 1990, seedlings from this cross were grown, flowering progeny evaluated, and seedling ‘MN90-
275-
27’ selected. The parentage of the new cultivar can be summarized as follows:
‘86-135-38’ (female)בPatriot’ (male)
Asexual reproduction of the new cultivar by terminal or stem cuttings taken 1990 through 2000 at St. Paul, Minn., U.S.A. has demonstrated that the characteristics of the new cultivar as herein described are firmly fixed and are retained through successive generations of such asexual propagation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It was found that the cultivar of the present invention:
(a) exhibits a prostrate-type and massive floral display during its first and/or second year of growth;
(b) winter hardiness in zones 3-10;
(c) frost tolerant flowers in zones 3-10; and
(d) exhibits self-pinching.
The ‘MN90-275-27’ cultivar has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions to date. Accordingly, it is possible that the phenotype may vary somewhat with variations in the environment, such as temperature, light intensity, and day length.
When the new cultivar of the present invention is compared to the Chrysanthemum plant named ‘Lisa’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 8,992), it is found to exhibit a more spreading and prolific habit accompanied with a massive floral display in its second and subsequent years after planting. Reference is made to Table A below which compares certain characteristics of ‘MN90-275-27’ to the Chrysanthemum plant named ‘Lisa’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 8,992).
TABLE A
CHARACTERISTIC
MN90-275-27
‘Lisa’
Plant Shape
prostrate
cushion
Plant height
(1
st
year)
0.25′
1.0-1.5′
(2
nd
year)
0.5′
-(dead)
Flowering response
7.0
7.0
# weeks short days (SD)
Flower Type
Decorative,
Decorative,
Double
Double
Flower Diameter
6.0 cm
6.0-7.0 cm
Ray florets, color, mature
Adaxial surface
RHS Yellow
RHS Yellow
Group 5B
Group 5B
Abaxial surface
RHS Yellow
RHS Yellow
Group 5C
Group 5B
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patent: PP10943 (1999-06-01), Fuess
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patent: PP11032 (1999-08-01), Glicenstein
Peter Ascher, et al., “Maxi-Mums A Horticultural Breakthrough!” Minnesota Report 242-1997 University of Minnesota, Distribution Center Publication MR-67280B Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Minnesota (1997).
R.B. Clark, History of Culture of Hardy Chrysanthemums, National Crysanthemum Society 18(3):144 (1962).
W.W. Garner, et al., Flowering and Fruiting of Plants as Controlled by the Length of Day, 1920, p. 377-400, Yearbook of the Department of Agriculture, 1920 USA.
Peter Ascher, et al., Breeding and New Cultivars, Academic Perspective, Tips on Growing and Marketing Garden Mums, Ohio Florists Association 1996.
Bradford Bearce et al., Chrysanthemums A Manual of the Culture, Diseases, Insects and Economics of Chrysanthemums, Jun. 1964, pp. 6-19, Prepared for The New York State Extension Service Chrysanthemum School with the Cooperation of the New York State Flower Growers Association, Inc.
Neil O. Anderson, et al., Rapid Generation Cycling of Chrysanthemum Using Laboratory Seed Development and Embryo Rescue Techniques, Journal of the American Society of Horticultural Science, Mar. 1990, pp. 329-336, vol. 115(2), Alexandria, Virginia 22314.
Leon Glicenstein, Breeding and New Cultivars, Commercial Perspective, Tips on Growing and Marketing Garden Mums, Ohio Florist's Association 1996.
M.A. Nazeer, et al., Cytogenetical Evolution of Garden Chrysanthemum, Current Science, Jun. 20, 1982, vol. 51, No. 12.
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Ernest L. Scott, The Breeder's Handbook, 1957, pp. 1-76 Handbook No. 4, National Chrysanthemum Society, Inc., USA.
John Woolman, Chrysanthemums for Garden and Exhibition, 1953, pp. 1-103, W.H. & L. Collingridge Ltd., Tavistock Street, London WC2 and Transatlantic Arts Incorporated, Forest Hills, New York.
H.G. Witham Fogg, Chrysanthemum Growing, 1962, pp. 171, John Gifford Limited, London, W.C.2.
National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA Additional Floriculture Information, pp. 1-84, National Agricultural Statistics Service, Floriculture Crops, 1998 Summary, Jun. 1999.
Handbook on Chrysanthemum Classification, A Publication of the Classification Committee National Chrysanthemum Society, Inc., U.S.A., 1996 Edition.
C. Ackerson, Chap. 12, Development of the Chrysanthemum in China, pp. 146-155, National Chrysanthemum Society Bulletin 1967.
C. Ackerson, Chapter 11, Original Species of the Chrysanthemum, pp. 105-107, National Chrysanthemum Society Bulletin, 1967.
G.J. Dowrick, The Chromosomes of Chrysanthemum 1: The Species,Heredity, 6:365-375 (1952).
Junyu, C., et al.,Acta Horticulturae, 404:30-36 (1995).
Anderson Neil
Ascher Peter
Campell Bruce R.
Haas W. C.
University of Minnesota
Wood Phillips Katz Clark & Mortimer
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