Radiant energy – Geological testing or irradiation
Patent
1993-06-08
1995-05-16
Hannaher, Constantine
Radiant energy
Geological testing or irradiation
2504931, 2504961, 2504971, G21F 504, G21G 402, G01V 510
Patent
active
054163200
ABSTRACT:
A chlorinated hydrocarbon sensor is substituted as a portion of a cone perometer. The sensor includes a titanium casing in which a cylindrical sleeve of beryllium alpha target material is fixed. A rod-shaped americium alpha particle source is disposed within the casing and is moved by an electromagnetic relay into an interacting state in which the beryllium sleeve encases the americium alpha particle source. The interfacing beryllium and americium emit high energy neutrons used to detect the chlorinated hydrocarbons. The emission takes place only when an electromagnetic relay is energized so that cessation of energy will cause a cessation of neutron generation. The rod-shaped alpha particle source will then be withdrawn from the cylindrical beryllium sleeve by a retracting spring. The generated neutrons interact with hydrogen and chlorine in the soil surrounding the sensor to produce characteristic gamma radiation that is detected and measured by a sodium iodide scintillation crystal. A photomultiplier tube amplifies the detected signals and the signals are then converted into electrical signals by a converter. A paraffin neutron radiation shield is disposed between the alpha particle source and the scintillation crystal to prevent high energy fast neutrons from reaching the crystal. A cylindrical cadmium shield is disposed between the tubular casing and the crystal to prevent scattered, thermalized neutrons from being detected by the crystal. The data acquired is sent to the surface and measured in real-time.
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Fendelman Harvey
Hannaher Constantine
Lipovsky Peter A.
The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of
Whitesell Eric J.
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