Food or edible material: processes – compositions – and products – Normally noningestible chewable material or process of...
Patent
1997-03-10
2000-07-11
Tran, Lien
Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
Normally noningestible chewable material or process of...
426 4, 426 5, 426 6, 426516, A23G 330
Patent
active
060869259
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present application is a continuation-in-part of the following U.S. patent applications: entitled "Continuous Chewing Gum Base Manufacturing Process Using Highly Distributive Mixing"; 2) Ser. No. 08/136,589, filed Oct. 14, 1993, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,486,366 entitled "Continuous Chewing Gum Base Manufacturing Process Using A Mixing Restriction Element", which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 08/126,319; 3) Ser. No. 08/141,281, filed Oct. 22, 1993, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,419,919 entitled "Continuous Gum Base Manufacturing Using Paddle Mixing"; 4) Ser. No. 08/361,759, filed Dec. 22, 1994, now abandoned entitled "Continuous Chewing Gum Manufacture From Base Concentrate", which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 08/305,363, filed Sep. 13, 1994, now abandoned entitled "Total Chewing Gum Manufacturing Using High Efficiency Continuous Mixing"; and 5) Ser. No. 08/362,254, filed Dec. 22, 1994, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,543,160 entitled "Total Chewing Gum Manufacture Using High Efficiency Continuous Mixing", which is also a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 08/305,363. The disclosure of each of the foregoing documents is hereby incorporated by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention is directed to a continuous process for the manufacture of chewing gum bases.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A typical chewing gum base includes one or more elastomers, one or more fillers, one or more elastomer solvents, softening agents and optional plastic polymers and miscellaneous colors, flavors and antioxidants. Due primarily to the difficulty in melting and dispersing the elastomers homogeneously among the other gum base ingredients, gum base manufacture has typically been a tedious and time-consuming batch process. For example, one such conventional process uses a sigma blade batch mixer having a front to rear blade speed ratio of 2:1, and a mixing temperature of about 80-125.degree. C.
In this conventional process, initial portions of elastomer, elastomer solvent and filler are added to the heated sigma blade mixer and blended until the elastomer is melted or smeared and thoroughly mixed with the elastomer solvent and fillers. Then the remaining portions of elastomer, elastomer solvent, softening agents, fillers and other ingredients are added sequentially, in a stepwise fashion, often with sufficient time for each stepwise addition to become completely mixed before adding more ingredients. Depending on the composition of the particular chewing gum bases and, in particular, the amount and type of elastomer, considerable patience may be required to insure that each ingredient becomes thoroughly mixed. Overall, anywhere from one to four hours of mixing time can be required to make one batch of chewing gum base using a conventional sigma blade mixer.
After mixing, the molten gum base batch must be emptied from the mixer into coated or lined pans, or pumped to other equipments such as a holding tank or a filtering device, then extruded or cast into shapes, and allowed to cool and solidify, before being ready for use in chewing gum. This additional processing and cooling requires even more time.
Various efforts have been undertaken to try to simplify and reduce the time required for gum base manufacture. European Patent Publication No. 0 273 809, in the name of General Foods France, discloses a process for making nonadhesive chewing gum base by blending elastomer and filler components together in an industrial mill type mixer to form a nonadhesive premix, dividing the premix into fragments, and blending the premix fragments and at least one other nonadhesive gum base component together in a powder mixer. Alternatively, the premix fragments and other base components can be added to an extruder along with other chewing gum components to accomplish direct manufacture of chewing gum.
French Patent Publication No. 2 635 441, also in the name of General Foods France, discloses a process for making a gum base concentrate using a twin screw extruder. The concentrate is prepared by mixing
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Song Joo H.
Townsend Donald J.
Shurtz Steven P.
Tran Lien
Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company
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