Chemistry: electrical and wave energy – Apparatus – Electrolytic
Patent
1995-08-18
1997-12-16
Bell, Bruce F.
Chemistry: electrical and wave energy
Apparatus
Electrolytic
204406, 204415, 422 8201, 422 8202, 4352871, 4352891, 436108, 436114, 436149, 436150, G01N 2726
Patent
active
056980833
ABSTRACT:
A sensor to detect and quantify urea in fluids resulting from hemodialysis procedures, and in blood and other body fluids. The sensor is based upon a chemiresistor, which consists of an interdigitated array of metal fingers between which a resistance measured. The interdigitated array is fabricated on a suitable substrate. The surface of the array of fingers is covered with a coating containing the enzyme urease which catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea to form the ammonium ion, the bicarbonate ion, and hydroxide-chemical products which provide the basis for the measured signal. In a typical application, the sensor could be used at bedside, in conjunction with an appropriate electronics/computer system, in order to determine the hemodialysis endpoint. Also, the chemiresistor used to detect urea, can be utilized with a reference chemiresistor which does not contain urease, and connected in a differential measurement arrangement, such that the reference chemiresistor would cancel out any fluctuations due to background effects.
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Bell Bruce F.
Carnahan L. E.
Regents of the University of California
Sartorio Henry P.
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