Radiant energy – Ion generation – Field ionization type
Patent
1996-11-26
1997-09-23
Nguyen, Kiet T.
Radiant energy
Ion generation
Field ionization type
25049221, H01J 2702
Patent
active
056707851
ABSTRACT:
A charge converter converts a positive ion into a negative ion. The charge converter is provided with a housing for containing a solid magnesium. A primary heater is also provided in the housing for heating up the solid magnesium to generate a sublimated evaporation of magnesium which fills within the housing. The housing is formed with a pair of beam passage holes through which a positive beam passes the housing. A secondary heater is further provided in the vicinity of the paired beam passage holes for heating the beam passage holes so as to prevent re-crystallization and adhesion of magnesium evaporation on an inner wall of each of the beam passage holes. A ternary heater may further optionally be provided entirely and uniformly around the housing for keeping a uniform distribution in temperature of the housing so as to keep a uniform temperature distribution of the solid magnesium to elongate a time during which the necessary magnesium evaporation is obtained. The above secondary heater may comprise a thermocouple-integrated heater for keeping a predetermined temperature at least in the vicinity of the beam passage holes of the charge converter.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4298798 (1981-11-01), Huffman
patent: 5352899 (1994-10-01), Golovanivsky et al.
NEC Corporation
Nguyen Kiet T.
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