Machine element or mechanism – Gearing – Interchangeably locked
Patent
1987-08-03
1989-02-07
Wright, Dirk
Machine element or mechanism
Gearing
Interchangeably locked
74359, 74331, F16H 308
Patent
active
048023752
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a change-speed gearbox providing three forward gear ratios and one reverse gear ratio wherein the gears in the gearbox are in three gear planes and the clutches are generally in one gear plane to reduce the axial length of the gear box. The invention is an improvement over the gear box described in Austrian pat. No. 51,824.
The present invention concerns a change-speed gearbox comprising an input drive shaft, and a coaxially arranged output shaft able to be coupled with it, and a number of non-coaxial counter shafts. A number of groups of meshing gear wheels are mounted on these shafts. For changing gear there are sliding clutches with interlocking engagement means. One of the change-speed clutches is available for directly coupling the output shaft with the input shaft. Each of the other clutches may be used for connecting a gear wheel with the shaft on which the gear wheel is bearinged so that in each case only those pairs of gear wheels are effective which in view of their diameter (and the number of teeth dependent on the diameter) are to be used for producing the desired transmission ratio.
Besides the coaxially arranged input and output shafts the prior change-speed gearbox has three counter shafts. The gear wheels are divided up into four groups so that there are thus four gear wheel planes, that is to say two front and two rear gear wheel planes. The clutches are all arranged in the center part of the gearbox, that is to say essentially in a so-called clutch plane placed between the second and third gear wheel planes. In connection with this known design attempts have already been made to make a compact design. However, the gearbox still had a comparatively long overall length because, as noted, four gear wheel planes are needed.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly one object of the present invention is to improve on a change-speed gearbox of the initially mentioned type so that it is an even shorter overall length. Furthermore measures are to be taken to have so-called central synchronisation without this again involving an increase in the overall length of the gearbox.
In order to achieve these objects a change-speed gearbox is modified to have a number of features.
The clutch includes a coaxial input and output shaft and separate non-coaxial first and second counter shafts. There are first, second and third groups of gear wheels in mesh with each other, and each of the gear wheel groups is in a respective gear wheel plane. There are five engageable clutch mechanisms selectively joining respective ones of each of the shafts with different ones of the gears in the three groups of gears, and this in turn establishes the three forward and one reverse gear ratios. The gears are either affixed on a respective shaft or are supported to rotate with a respective shaft. The clutches are themselves generally all in a common clutch plane which is disposed between two of the gear wheel planes. The clutches have particular respective individual designs for establishing the connection between the shafts and gears that the clutches connect, and that is detailed in the Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment. There is also a friction brake for braking the rotation of the gears selectively.
Since in accordance with the invention only three groups of gear wheels are required while at the same time the arrangement of the clutches is able to be in a single plane, there is minimum length of the gearbox in axial direction. More particularly, this smaller axial length makes it possible for epicyclic gearing to be connected with the output shaft (as has been proposed, see German pat. No. 2,137,440) to increase the number of gear ratios without this meaning that the size would be such as to make the gearbox unsuitable for incorporation in motor vehicles, for instance owing to the overall of the gear-box being excessive. A substantial advantage of the gearbox of the invention is thus to be seen in its ability to be combined with additional assemblies in or
REFERENCES:
patent: 1373071 (1921-03-01), Hill
patent: 2511539 (1950-06-01), Orr
patent: 3451285 (1969-06-01), Snyder
patent: 4226135 (1980-10-01), Winter
patent: 4476737 (1984-10-01), Young
J. M. Voith GmbH
Wright Dirk
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