Dentistry – Method or material for testing – treating – restoring – or... – By filling – bonding or cementing
Patent
1997-08-08
1999-09-14
Lewis, Ralph A.
Dentistry
Method or material for testing, treating, restoring, or...
By filling, bonding or cementing
524404, 524441, 524492, 523115, 523116, C08K 338, C08K 308, A61F 200
Patent
active
059512954
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to dental restorative materials. In another respect, the invention relates to ceramics and ceramic composite restorative materials. Yet in another aspect, the invention relates to novel restorative compositions, including but not limited to, silver-based mercury amalgams, castable ceramic/porcelain compositions, ceramic/metal hybrids, and plastic-based denture or denture-like materials for the direct or indirect restoration or replacement of teeth or other oral anatomical structures. In a further aspect, the invention relates to novel restorative compositions for the direct filling of posterior teeth.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Dental restorative materials include materials used to repair damaged teeth and/or replace missing teeth and/or other related oral structures. In some instances, dental restorative materials include materials used to reconstruct the maxillofacial complex. In general, dental restorative compositions include: (1) dental metal based amalgams, (2) enamel and dentin bonding agents, (3) dental hybrid composites, (4) dental cements and bases, (5) casting alloys for crowns and bridges and other prosthetic structures, (6) ceramic/metal materials, (7) denture and prosthetic devices, (8) filled polymeric resins, (9) ceramic-based restorative materials, (10) impression materials, (11) sealants, and (12) temporary restorations and crowns, etc. The present invention relates to dental hybrid composite resins, denture and prosthetic materials, dental metallic based amalgams, temporary restorations and crowns, sealants, bases, cements, bonding agents, and ceramic porcelain restorative materials.
A variety of compositions have been proposed and used for the direct filling of teeth. Of these compositions, some may be generally classified as dental composites and more specifically as resin composites. These resin composites are comprised of inorganic particulates, i.e., filler, bound together with a polymeric matrix, i.e., a binder. The particulate filler reinforces the polymeric matrix and offsets its deficiencies. The binder, and/or polymeric matrix, may be comprised of an acrylic or epoxy resin or other types of carbon-based polymers. See, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,066,112 and 3,179,623 which are hereby incorporated by reference. Fillers for such composite compositions, both posterior and/or anterior dental use, include finely divided solids like fumed silica, glass, zirconium, aluminum oxide, crystalline quartz, glass beads, or a mixture of glass beads and quartz or mixtures of the above materials. A material acceptable, however, for posterior use must be able to achieve a high filler loading capacity in the resin system. Moreover, filler strength, content, shape and size directly determines the physical and mechanical properties of the restoration material.
To date, there has been no composite material developed that completely meets the expected parameters needed for the intended use as a posterior dental restorative material to replace mercury-based dental amalgams. Dental materials presently available lack several physical or mechanical properties necessary for an ideal posterior dental restoration. As noted, it is imperative to achieve a high filler loading capacity in the resin system and presently all attempts to achieve such have failed. For example, highly loaded materials such as Microfine Composite.TM., using colloidal silica of a 40 nm size result in dramatically increased viscosity which jeopardizes handling characteristics. (See, Lambrechts, P; Vanherle, G. (1983); Structural Evidence of Microfilled Composites. J. Biomed Mater Res 17:249-60; Willems, G; Lambrechts, P.; Braen, M; Celis, J. P.; Vanherle, G. (1993): A Classification of Dental Composites according to their Morphology and Mechanical Characteristics. Dent Mater 8:310-19). The colloidal silica forms an extended network structure that produces an increase in viscosity thereby limiting the amount of filler that can be incorporated to around 50% by volume. This 50% volume o
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Lyles Mark B.
Ritsco Ronald G.
Lewis Ralph A.
Materials Evolution and Development USA Inc.
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