Classifying – separating – and assorting solids – Fluid suspension – Gaseous
Patent
1985-11-26
1988-01-26
Kashnikow, Andres
Classifying, separating, and assorting solids
Fluid suspension
Gaseous
55416, 55459R, B01D 4512
Patent
active
047215615
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a centrifugal force separator for broken grains, husks, dust and other impurities from air, having a pre-separating chamber with a tangential raw gas inlet, a cylindrical deflecting screen arranged concentrically therein and a pure gas outlet axially adjoining the deflecting screen.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Centrifugal force separators have been used successfully for decades in the area of mills and fodder mills. The greatest advantage of traditional cyclone separators lies in their simple method of construction and their relatively low air resistance. In the general case, the cyclones are used with a vertical axis and in rare cases are slightly inclined. The separated substances are collected in the lower area of the centrifugal force separator and discharged via a product valve. In the upper peripheral area, the air enters tangentially into the cyclone and, after several vortex motions, leaves it centrally in the uppermost area through the so-called "immersion tube" which projects slightly into the inside of the cyclone.
The main disadvantage of the cyclone lies in its relatively poor efficiency for dust separation. In the cyclone, a plurality of superimposing secondary vortex motions develop which, together with a fluctuating air pressure and varying dust charge, prevents for practical application, a substantial improvement in the degree of separation. A further disadvantage is that, particularly in the area of a mill or a fodder mill when cyclones are used as separators, the exhaust air still has residual dust contents which are substantially above the statutory permissible values. For industrial plants, therefore, the exhaust air of cyclones has to be additionally cleaned via filters before it may be discharged into the open air.
To this day, many proposals for the improvement of cyclone separators have been made, but with a few exceptions these have been unable to achieve success in practice. One of these exceptions is described in the DE-B No. 1,078,859. Here, a centrifugal force separator is used which has a horizontal axis in the form of a twin centrifugal force separator or a primary and secondary separator. The primary separator is constructed in a spiral and approximately circular shape, with the raw gas entering tangentially. The outermost air layer is "peeled off" as it were at the opposite end of the spiral chamber and fed into a substantially smaller secondary separator, in which (similar to traditional cyclone separators) the clean air and the dust are separated at both end sides. An advantage of this separator system lies in the very low pressure loss, but its disadvantage lies in an inadequate degree of separation.
Recently, there has been a noticeable tendency to use the individual cleaning machines which require very large air quantities in return-air operation, for example, in a mill (cf., eg., GB-A No. 1,536,905). However, return-air machines require relatively clean air, for two reasons: if too large a proportion of dust is contained in the return air, there is the danger of a permanent bacterial contamination of the material, especially if this is raw material for human food. If there is a lot of dirt and dust in the return air, the entire machine will become blocked by dust in a short time. Either breakdowns occur frequently or much more cleaning work has to be performed.
Although the quality requirements for the return air do not need to be as high as the statutory regulations for the quality of industrial exhaust air into the open air, the quality requirements for the return air, from experience, are always much greater than could be guaranteed by the efficiency of known centrifugal force separators or cyclone separators.
Starting from this basis, it is the object of the invention to develop a centrifugal force separator for broken grains, husks and dust and other impurities from cereal crops, which has a substantially increased degree of dust separation at only a slight pressure loss, is inexpensively constructed and is sui
REFERENCES:
patent: 1659695 (1928-02-01), Mayhew
patent: 1920117 (1933-07-01), Tenney
patent: 2381954 (1945-08-01), Hardirge
patent: 2931581 (1960-04-01), Lykken et al.
patent: 3116238 (1963-12-01), Van Etter
patent: 4028076 (1977-06-01), Fields
Oetiker Hans
Reichmuth Franz
Gebruder Buhler AG
Jones Mary Beth O.
Kashnikow Andres
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