Cellulose-producing microorganism transformed with a gene for an

Details Cellulose-producing microorganism transformed with a gene for an Cellulose-producing microorganism transformed with a gene for an

1996-03-29

1998-08-11

Grimes, Eric

Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology

Micro-organism, tissue cell culture or enzyme using process...

Preparing compound containing saccharide radical

4352521, 43525233, 4353201, 435823, 435193, 435194, 435 691, 536 232, 536 27, 530350, C12P 1904, C12N 112, C12N 120, C12N 1500

Patent

active

057926301

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
This is a 371 or U.S. national stage application of PCT/JP95/00961 filed May 19, 1995.


TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to a microorganism that is capable of producing a cellulosic product (referred to hereinafter as a "cellulose-producing microorganism") and transformed with a gene for an enzyme involved in sucrose metabolism, and to a method for the production of the cellulosic product (also referred to hereinafter as a "bacterial cellulose" or "BC") by using said microorganism.


BACKGROUND ART

Since BC is edible as well as tasteless and odorless, it is utilized in the food industry. BC's high dispensability in water further provides it with a lot of industrial utility value, such as to maintain moisture and viscosity of food, cosmetics or coating agents, to strengthen food materials, to improve stability of food, and to be used as low-calorie additives and an emulsion stabilizer.
BC is characterized by a sectional width of its fibrils which is smaller by two orders of magnitude than that of other kinds of cellulose such as those derived from wood pulp.
Due to such structural and physical feature of microfibril, a macerated BC has plenty of industrial utility as a strengthening agent for polymers, especially hydrophilic polymers. Products prepared by solidification of the macerated BC in the form of a lump or paper show a high elastic modulus in tension due to the above feature, and are therefore expected to have excellent mechanical properties for use in various kinds of industrial materials.
Methods for the production of cellulose by culturing cellulose-producing microorganisms such as those belonging to the genus Acetobacter have been known in prior arts such as, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Application Sho 62(1987)-265990, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Application Sho 63(1988)-202394 and Japanese Patent Publication Hei 6(1994)-43443. As a nutrient medium suitable for the culture of the cellulose-producing microorganism, Schramm/Hestrin medium is known, which contains carbon source, peptone, yeast extract, sodium phosphate and citric acid (Schramm et al., J. General Biology, 11, pp.123-129, 1954). However, when cultured under shaking, or aerobic agitated condition in the above nutrient medium, especially containing sucrose as carbon source, yield in the production of cellulose will be low and production rate will not necessarily be satisfactory.
Other culture media are also known, which further contain corn steep liquor (CSL), malt extract and the like, but no one has confirmed that a particular component in such natural nutrients as peptone, yeast extract, CSL and malt extract is involved in acceleration of the cellulose production.
The nutrients known up to now as an accelerator for the cellulose production include inositol, fitinic acid and pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) (Japanese Patent Publication Hei 5(1993)-1718; Mitsuo TAKAI, Japan TAPRI Journal, Vol.42, No.3, pp.237-244). However, the cellulose production obtained with the above accelerator is not sufficient, and their effects under the shaking or aerobic agitated condition have not yet been clearly revealed.
The present inventors have also found that production of the cellulosic product is increased by addition of carboxylic acids or their salts (Japanese Patent Application Hei 5(1993)-191467), invertase (Japanese Patent Application Hei 5(1993)-331491), methionine (Japanese Patent Application Hei 5(1993)-335764), a saponin (Japanese Patent Application Hei 6(1994)-214334). Furthermore, production of the cellulosic product can be also increased by using a PQQ non-generating strain (Japanese Patent Application Hei 6(1994)-127994), a sulfur agent-resistant strain (Japanese Patent Application Hei 6(1994)-151729), a pyrimidine analogue-resistant strain (Japanese Patent Application Hei 6(1994)-158201) and a DHO-DHase inhibitors-resistant strain (Japanese Patent Application Hei 6(1994)-167573). Japanese Patent Laid-Open Application Hei 4(1992)-503456 discloses a method for increasing the cellulose production by means of introduction

REFERENCES:
patent: 5079162 (1992-01-01), Ben-Bassat
patent: 5268274 (1993-12-01), Ben-Bassat
Kita O et al. (1992) J. Fermen. Bioeng. vol. 73, No. 3, 179-184.
Kunkel et al (1987) Methods in Enzymology 154:367-382.
Arai et al. (1992) Plant Cell Physiology 33(4):503-6.
Bockman et al (1992) Mol. Gen. Genet. 235:22.
Martin et al. (1987) Mol. Gen. Genet. 208:177-184.

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