Cell signaling polypeptides and nucleic acids

Details Cell signaling polypeptides and nucleic acids Cell signaling polypeptides and nucleic acids

1999-09-20

2003-01-28

Caputa, Anthony C. (Department: 1642)

Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology

Micro-organism, tissue cell culture or enzyme using process...

Recombinant dna technique included in method of making a...

C530S300000, C530S350000, C536S001001, C536S001110, C536S018700, C536S022100, C536S023100, C536S023200, C536S023500

Reexamination Certificate

active

06511825

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways mediate a variety of signals that regulate cell growth and differentiation as well as stress-induced responses in organisms ranging from yeast to mammals (Lewis et al.,
Adv Cancer Res
, 74:49-139, 1998). The pathways consist of a cascade of kinases, a serine/threonine kinase, MAPKKK, that phosphorylates and activates a dual specificity kinase, MAPKK that in turn is capable of transferring phosphates on to threonines and tyrosines of a third enzyme, MAPK. MAPK subsequently phosphorylates and activates transcription factors, among other substrates. In mammals, the prototype MAP kinase cascade is initiated by Ras (Howe et al.,
Cell
, 71:335-342, 1992.) and includes Raf, MEK and ERK (Lewis et al.,
Adv Cancer Res
, 74:49-139, 1998). In
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
, the best characterized MAP kinase cascade is the one responding to mating pheromones. In this system, Ste11 is the MAPKKK that activates Ste7, the MEK counterpart, which in turn activates two functionally redundant MAPKs, Fus3 (Elion et al.,
Cell
, 60:649-664, 1990) and KSS 1 (Courchesne et al.,
Cell
, 58:1107-1119, 1989). We and others (Freed et al.,
Science
, 265:1713-1716, 1994; Irie et al.,
Adv Cancer Res
., 265:1716-1719, 1994) have previously shown that loss of Ste11 by gene knock out in this system, can be functionally complemented by an active mammalian Raf protein and its substrate MEK. This hybrid MAP kinase pathway is uncoupled from mating pheromone stimulation and responds to Raf or MEK activators with expression of the HIS3 gene that allows growth on media lacking histidine.


REFERENCES:
patent: 5817479 (1998-10-01), Au-Young et al.
Nucleic acid database, Accession #AR044135, Sep. 29, 1999.*
Nucleic acid database, Accession #V33541, Dec. 29, 1998.*
Dudek et al, “Regulation of Neuronal Survival by the Serine-Threonine . . . ” Science, (1997), V. 275, p. 661-665.
Emest24 Database Entry Hs1150670, Accession No. AA232750, Mar. 6, 1997, Hillier et al. WahU-Merck EST Project 1997.

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