Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting – deodorizing – preser – Chemical reactor – Waste gas purifier
Patent
1989-06-16
1992-12-01
Hill, Jr., Robert J.
Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preser
Chemical reactor
Waste gas purifier
422179, 422180, 422172, 60274, B01D 5000
Patent
active
051679345
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a catalyzer installation for spark-ignition engines which are, in particular, run "rich", i.e. sub-stoichiometric at an air/fuel ratio less than 1.
The use of the known 3-way catalyzers is conditional on the presence of an injection system, or electrically controlled carburetor, because only these permit operation of the spark-ignition engine in the so-called "lambda window", i.e. at between .lambda.=0.98 and .lambda.=1.02 for the required high levels of pollutant reduction. Uncontrolled catalyzers require that the mixture be kept between .lambda.=0.95 and .lambda.=1.03 over the whole of the operating characteristics; they only, however, provide pollutant reductions of, on average, 50%.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention, on the other hand, is to find a catalyzer installation for spark-ignition engines by means of which exhaust gases from boat engines can be treated even when they run rich, i.e. with high CO and HC emissions (e.g. CO emissions of more than 6%).
The present invention is therefore intended to be particularly suitable for use on boat engines which are sometimes run with very low lambda values of between about 0.75 and 0.90.
This object is achieved by means of a catalyzer installation, for reducing the pollutant emissions (hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen) from boat engines, with a reduction part located upstream in the exhaust gas line and an oxidation catalyzer part located downstream line with purely axial passage of the exhaust gas through the catalyzer parts, the catalyzer installation having the following combination of features: casing gas line the gap into an intermediate space between the reduction catalyzer part and the oxidation catalyzer part.
The present invention can be used with particular advantage in the case of boat engines, for which the detoxification of the exhaust gases by catalytic treatment of the exhaust gas is not yet known.
The fuel consumption of engines plays only a subordinate role in the case of sports boats with spark-ignition engines, which may be attributed to their use as leisure equipment--with short utilisation periods relative to motor vehicles--and to the favorable ratio between the transport performance and the operating power of ships. For this reason and because of the relatively low manufacturing costs, "marinized" V-8 motor vehicle spark-ignition engines, with low specific loading (HP/kg), are often used in sports boats. Boats for longer ranges are generally equipped with more economical diesel engines.
In principle, boat engines are only run at idle and, when under load, along the propeller characteristic line at a high proportion of full load. Overrun, continuous variation in rotational speed and load, gear changing operations and stop/go operation, such as occur in motor vehicles, hardly occur at all in boat operation.
For reasons of running quality and internal cooling, these engines are run with a marked shortage of air and therefore, as already mentioned, high CO and HC emissions but, on the other hand, relatively low proportions of NOx.
The solution according to the invention leads to a pollutant reduction of over 90% in all the three pollutant components mentioned.
It is proposed that the ceramic catalyzers conventionally used in the motor vehicle industry up to now should be replaced by metallic carriers, in particular in metal cartridges; in addition to insensitivity to shock and high temperature compatibility, these metallic carriers introduce design advantages such as smaller dimensions.
In particular, it is proposed that the cartridges should be supported in the catalyzer casing so that they can be easily replaced; they can then be rapidly removed or exchanged in the case of damage, poisoning or non-availability of lead-free fuel. For this reason, the catalyzer parts are, according to the invention, accommodated in a metal sleeve (cartridge) in which air inlet holes are located between the reduction part and the oxidation part.
REFERENCES:
patent: 1858637 (1932-05-01), McDonald
patent: 3736105 (1973-05-01), Tourtellotte et al.
patent: 3892537 (1975-07-01), Gulati et al.
patent: 3966419 (1976-06-01), Bloomfield
patent: 3972687 (1976-08-01), Frietzsche
patent: 4004887 (1977-01-01), Stormont
patent: 4161509 (1979-07-01), Nowak
patent: 4188783 (1980-02-01), Sayo et al.
patent: 4190629 (1980-02-01), Strachan
patent: 4238456 (1980-12-01), Jabling
patent: 4278639 (1981-07-01), Takadoro et al.
patent: 4338284 (1982-07-01), Ignoffo
patent: 4432207 (1984-02-01), Davis, Jr. et al.
patent: 4448754 (1984-05-01), Isogai et al.
patent: 4511536 (1985-04-01), Shimozi et al.
patent: 4622809 (1986-11-01), Abthoff et al.
patent: 4678643 (1987-07-01), Fetzer
patent: 4755518 (1988-10-01), Abthoff et al.
patent: 4830833 (1989-05-01), Shaff
patent: 4833725 (1977-07-01), Reed et al.
Patent Abstracts of Japan, vol. 9, No. 162 (M-394) Jul. 6, 1985.
Burghardt Peter
Sand Roland
Volz Juergen
Wolf Rainer
Hill Jr. Robert J.
KST-Motorenversuch GmbH & Co. KG
Singla Abanti B.
LandOfFree
Catalyzer installation for boat engines and method for catalytic does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Catalyzer installation for boat engines and method for catalytic, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Catalyzer installation for boat engines and method for catalytic will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-502571