Power plants – Internal combustion engine with treatment or handling of... – Methods
Patent
1995-06-16
1997-11-11
Hart, Douglas
Power plants
Internal combustion engine with treatment or handling of...
Methods
60297, 422169, F01N 302, F01N 320
Patent
active
056851430
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a catalytic exhaust gas purifier used especially for purifying exhaust gas emitted from diesel engines and containing particles, which exhaust gas purifier comprises a casing structure, in which are disposed a means for feeding exhaust gas into the exhaust gas purifier, a means for removing exhaust gas from the exhaust gas purifier, a combustion chamber and at least one catalyst element, the means for feeding exhaust gas being most preferably arranged in the combustion chamber of the exhaust gas purifier in such a way that an exhaust gas flow may be turned into rotational motion within the combustion chamber, whereby the exhaust gas flow is divided into a particle flow and an actual gas flow, in which exhaust gas purifier the catalyst element is arranged in the combustion chamber in such a way that at least the particle flow is brought into rotational motion around the catalyst element in the combustion chamber.
The invention additionally relates to a catalytic method of purifying exhaust gas, in which method exhaust gas is led into a combustion chamber of an exhaust gas purifier, the exhaust gas is brought into centrifugal rotational motion, by which the exhaust gas flow is divided into a particle flow and an actual gas flow.
The exhaust gas purifier of the invention may be applied for instance to diesel-driven vehicles, such as passenger cars, delivery vans and heavier vehicles, like buses, lorries and working machines.
Drawbacks of the catalytic diesel purifiers known at present are expressly associated with removing, i.e. oxidizing, carbon particles present in exhaust gas, being small particles of a size class below one micrometer, from the exhaust gas, yet by means of a simple and reliable structure. In known solutions, expensive and complicated device solutions regenerating the efficiency of a filter by oxidizing or chemically are required to provide a sufficient purifying effect. Some solutions additionally comprise a two-stream system containing two similar equipments in parallel, by means of which the half clogged by carbon particles is closed by valves and the other clean half is taken into use. From EP-020 766 is known an exhaust gas purifier utilizing centrifugal force for a separation of carbon particles, in which purifier the catalyst itself is positioned in relation to an incoming exhaust gas flow in such a way that the exhaust gas purifier needs, in order to function, a separate burner emitting additional heat spread by a hole tube, by which heat the carbon particles are oxidized. Accordingly, the solution set forth in this publication is a regenerative two-stream system by nature and not a continuous one, as the solution according to the present invention. In the solution of this EP publication, the means feeding exhaust gas and the catalyst element are disposed at opposite ends of the exhaust gas purifier.
Moreover, from the U.S. Pat. No. 5,052,178, EP-056 584, DE-40 25 933, DE-40 12 719 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,725,411 are known soot catchers or regenerative exhaust gas purifiers provided with an additional burner. The structure, the easiness of manufacture as well as the efficiency of these purifiers are not on a sufficiently good level.
The patents GB-2 122 914, DE-33 40 682 and EP-468 919 disclose exhaust gas purifiers, in which a catalyst cell is positioned in the middle part of a combustion cell and in which substance containing particles rotates along the edges of the combustion chamber thanks to centrifugal force. In these solutions, the substance containing particles parts from the actual gas flow, but is yet brought forward along the same flow path without any retardation of the particle flow at all.
The object of this invention is to provide a novel exhaust gas purifier, especially for diesel engines, which avoids the problems associated with the known solutions.
This object is achieved by means of an exhaust gas purifier, which is characterized in that the exhaust gas purifier comprises means for retarding the particle flow separated from the actual gas flo
REFERENCES:
patent: 3061416 (1962-10-01), Kazokas
patent: 3132473 (1964-05-01), Hass
patent: 3421315 (1969-01-01), Aoi
patent: 4858431 (1989-08-01), Leonhard
Aitta Eero
Kynsilehto Eero
Hart Douglas
Kat-Tecnik Oy
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