Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting – deodorizing – preser – Chemical reactor – Waste gas purifier
Reexamination Certificate
1998-08-13
2001-02-27
Tran, Hien (Department: 1764)
Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preser
Chemical reactor
Waste gas purifier
C422S171000, C422S176000, C422S177000, C422S218000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06193935
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a catalytic converter. In particular, this invention relates to a catalytic converter having a radial flow of the exhaust or emission gases through the catalytic bed.
2. Description of the Related Art
Catalytic converters connected to the exhaust or tail pipe of a vehicle are known in the art. One such converter comprises a chamber or housing having ceramic pellets disposed therein. The ceramic pellets are impregnated with noble metals such as platinum, palladium and/or rhodium. The exhaust gases have an axial flow within the catalytic bed. A disadvantage associated with such a known construction is that the converter is not compact and the space requirements are considerable. Yet another disadvantage is the constant damage or breakage of the ceramic pellets. A further disadvantage is that the pellets get exhausted. Though such pellets can be replaced, a replacement does add to the operational costs of the converter.
In order to obviate the aforesaid disadvantages, it is known to provide a catalytic converter having a honey comb structure is impregnated with noble metals selected from platinum, palladium and/or rhodium. An advantage of such a converter is that it is compact in size. However, a disadvantage associated with such a known construction is that of considerable costs. Yet another disadvantage is that it cannot be reused. Yet a further disadvantage is that of back pressures.
A catalytic converter comprising two coaxially arranged catalyst beds within a container is known in the prior art. A portion of the exhaust gases flow through each of the beds. A quick heating of the catalyst beds is achieved by surrounding the beds with the hot exhaust gases, and further to allow the hot exhaust gases discharged from the catalyst beds to flow along the outer surface of the container.
PCT publication no. WO 96/12097 discloses a method to reduce HC and CO emissions from a two stroke gasoline engine. A compound of platinum group metal is added to the cylinder of the engine which acts as an active oxidation catalyst by combustion of the fuel. The platinum group metal compound may be added to the lubricating oil or fuel.
An object of this invention is to propose an improved construction of a catalytic converter for use with the tail or exhaust pipe of a vehicle.
Another object of this invention is to propose a catalytic converter for use with the tail or exhaust pipe of a vehicle which is compact and can advantageously be employed in vehicles such as motorcycles and mopeds.
Still another object of this invention is to propose a catalytic converter for use with the tail or exhaust pipe of a vehicle and wherein the flow of the exhaust or emission gases through the catalytic bed is radial.
Yet another object of this invention is to propose a catalytic converter for use with the tail or exhaust pipe of a vehicle which provides an increased surface area of contact of the gases with the catalytic agent.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to this invention there is provided a catalytic converter for use with the tail or emission pipe of an engine comprising:
i) a chamber having an inlet for introduction of the exhaust gases having the pollutants entrained therein, an outlet for discharge of the cleaned exhaust gases, said inlet disposed at one end of said chamber, said outlet disposed at an opposite end of said chamber, said inlet spaced from said outlet to define a first and second zone therebetween;
ii) first and second cones disposed in a spaced and parallel relationship to each other within said chamber so as to define said first and second zones;
iii) a catalytic bed disposed in the space defined between said first and second cones and such that the exhaust gases entering the chamber through said inlet flow radially through the catalytic bed;
iv) said second zone having a diffuser section, the outlet being provided in said diffuser section;
v) a conical member extending from said first cone into said diffuser section, said conical member providing a reduction in the jet effect of the emission gases entering said chamber.
The present invention relates to a radial flow conical catalytic converter for spark ignition internal combustion engines. The catalytic converter employs pellets/beads as catalyst for lowering harmful exhaust gases such as carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbons and nitric oxides by method of reactions using oxidation, reduction or combining both the effects into harmless products such as carbondioxide, water vapor and nitrogen oxide. The conical design allows large contact area for catalyst while compact size enable easy fitment into the silencer of small vehicles.
One of the distinct advantages of the catalytic converter is that it has a construction which allows it to be compact and can be used in vehicles such as motorcycles and scooters, which hitherto could not have a catalytic converter due to lack of space.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3380810 (1968-04-01), Hamblin
patent: 4457895 (1984-07-01), Prigent
Malhotra Ravinder Kumar
Patanwal Pradeep
Raje Niranjan Raghunath
Subramanian Muthan
Spencer George H.
Tran Hien
Venable
Wells Ashley J.
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