Catalytic combustion engine exhaust gas purifier with additional

Details Catalytic combustion engine exhaust gas purifier with additional Catalytic combustion engine exhaust gas purifier with additional

1995-01-31

1997-01-07

Hart, Douglas

Power plants

Internal combustion engine with treatment or handling of...

By means producing a chemical reaction of a component of the...

60308, 422176, 422180, F01N 328, F01N 334

Patent

active

055905226

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a catalytic combustion engine exhaust gas purifier with additional air supply, comprising a housing structure accommodating an exhaust gas inlet, at least one catalyst element, means for laminarizing the exhaust gas flow, means for dividing the housing structure into several chambers, an exhaust gas outlet and, additionally, means for supplying additional air into the exhaust gas flow in the housing structure.
An exhaust gas purifier according to the present invention is used in connection with combustion engines. The exhaust gas purifier of the invention is particularly suitable for small two-stroke engines, such as chain saws, lawn mowers, motor sledges, mopeds or motor cycles, in which there is only a very small and limited space for an exhaust gas purifier.
Catalytic exhaust gas purification is based on the purification of the exhaust gas by feeding it through one or more catalyst elements. The catalyst elements contain a catalytic agent which accelerates the combustion of harmful impurities, i.e. in practice it makes combustion possible at a temperature lower than normal. Today purification of exhaust gases is important especially for preventing environmental pollution. Conventional catalytic purifiers have problems with sufficiency of oxygen, because, if there is not enough oxygen, carbon monoxide produced as a combustion product of hydrocarbon is not further oxidized into carbon dioxide owing to the lack of oxygen. As carbon monoxide has no smell and is colourless, it is hazardous to its environment and especially to people. In order to improve the efficiency of catalytic purification it is previously known to use exhaust gas purifiers into which additional air is supplied from the outside, and thus the oxygen contained in the additional air accelerates the combustion reactions by means of which a faster and more complete combustion of the principal pollutant components of exhaust gas, i.e. carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC), is achieved. Catalytic exhaust gas purifiers provided with additional air supply are called oxidizing purifiers.
GB Patent 2 048 706 discloses a catalytic purifier provided with additional air supply. In this construction additional air supply has been improved so that the tube supplying additional air extends inside the purifier from one edge of the purifier to the other, said tube comprising several holes for mixing the additional air with the exhaust gas. This construction does not, however, enable a sufficiently good purification result and, in addition, the air supply requires in this case an external device such as a pump or a corresponding device. DE Patent 31 11 498 discloses a so called venturi-type additional air supply, in which a venturi choking or reducing the exhaust gas flow and valves in the additional air supply tube are used for controlling the additional air flow. On account of the valves this construction is more complex and hence more expensive and also more susceptible to malfunctions because of its moving parts. Because of the choking effect of the venturi, an exhaust gas purifier of this kind causes power losses and does not laminarize the exhaust gas flow. The known solutions for additional air supply are also sizable.
The object of the present invention is to provide a new type of exhaust gas purifier which avoids the problems associated with the known solutions.
This object is achieved with the exhaust gas purifier according to the invention, which is characterized in that one or more suction plates are provided in the chamber after the means laminarizing the exhaust gas flow and at the same time in the vicinity of the means supplying additional air, that the suction plates comprise exhaust gas ports, that the suction plates comprise ports for the additional air, and that the suction plates are arranged against the exhaust gas flow and the additional air flow so that the additional air can be sucked through the ports and from the suction plates into the actual exhaust gas flow passing through the exhaust gas ports of t

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