Catalytic burning apparatus

Details Catalytic burning apparatus Catalytic burning apparatus

1990-03-23

1992-10-27

Dority, Carroll B.

Combustion

Timer, programmer, retarder or condition responsive control

Of igniter and feed controlled sequence

431 78, 431328, F23H 500

Patent

active

051584484

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a catalytic burning apparatus for effecting an oxidizing reaction of fuel on a solid oxidizing catalyst.


BACKGROUND ART

Heretofore, several apparatus for effecting an oxidizing reaction of liquid or gaseous fuel on a solid oxidizing catalyst have been proposed, for example, an apparatus as shown in FIG. 1 (Catalyst, Vol. 29, No. 4, 313, 1987).
In FIG. 1, numeral 101 denotes a fuel pipe, numeral 102 ejection ports, numeral 103 an insulator layer, numeral 104 an electric heater, numeral 105 a catalyst layer, and numeral 106 a cover. Fuel is supplied through the ejecting ports 102 formed in the fuel tube 101 in a distributed manner, and passed through the porous insulator layer 103 to the catalyst layer 105 which is preheated by the electric heater 104. On the other hand, air is supplied from the underside of the cover 106 under the function of convection. Near the surface of the catalyst layer 105, the fuel and the air are mixed with each other by diffusion, and a catalytic burning is effected on the fibered porous catalyst layer 105.
The catalytic burning apparatus of this type, however, has problems as follows. Firstly, it is required to heat the catalyst layer 105 to a temperature at which the catalytic reaction starts, and it takes a long time to heat the catalyst layer to the predetermined temperature by the electric heater 104, unless a heater of a great capacity is used. Secondly, since the catalyst layer 105, from the surface of which the heat is radiated forwards, is only covered in a halfly exposed manner by the cover 106 made of such as a porous metal, there is a fear that the burning is interrupted by a gust or a water spray, frequently causing an imperfect combustion and producing an offensive smell and a harmfull carbon monoxide. Thirdly, when the apparatus is used for a long time and the activity of the catalyst layer is deteriorated, there occurs a fear that the imperfectly burned fuel flows out, and an offensive smell and a great amount of harmful carbon monoxide are continuously produced due to the imperfect combustion, because there is provided no detecting means for detecting the deterioration of the catalyst layer. Fourthly, in the case where the fuel is burned in a closed space such as in a room, the burning is not stopped as far as the temperature of the catalyst layer is maintained in a predetermined range, even when the oxygen density has been decreased to a level having an adverse influence on the human health, thereby causing a continuation of the oxygen starvation and the imperfect combustion.


DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

The present invention provides a catalytic burning apparatus which can solve the above-mentioned problems and is superior in burning control capability and in safety. The present invention has a characterizing feature that flame ports added with ignition means and ion current detecting means are disposed upstream of the catalyst layer, and an abnormal combustion environment or combustion condition is detected based on the ion current value.


BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a structural view of a catalytic burning apparatus of a prior art,
FIG. 2 is a structural view of a catalytic burning apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention,
FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are structural views of catalytic burning apparatus according to second, third, fourth and fifth embodiments of the present invention, respectively,
FIG. 7 is a performance illustration for showing variation of transforming rates in oxidizing reaction on kerosene or carbon monoxide due to the composition of precious metals,
FIG. 8 is a performance illustration for showing an influence of the ratio of the auxiliary catalyst volume to the catalyst layer volume on the transforming rates in oxidizing reaction on kerosene or carbon monoxide, and
FIG. 9 is a performance illustration for showing an influence of the cell number of auxiliary catalyst layer on the transforming rate in oxidizing reaction on the carbon monoxide.


BEST MODE FOR

REFERENCES:
patent: 4773847 (1988-09-01), Shukla et al.
patent: 4927353 (1990-05-01), Nomura et al.

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