Catalysts and processes for formaldehyde-free durable press fini

Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Chemical modification of textiles or fibers or products thereof – Cellulose fibers

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8120, 81161, D06M 1500

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active

052212858

ABSTRACT:
Catalysts for the rapid esterification and crosslinking of fibrous cellulose in textile form by polycarboxylic acids at elevated temperatures are disclosed. The catalysts are acidic or weakly basic salts selected from the alkali metal dihydrogen phosphates and alkali metal salts of phosphorous, hypophosphorous, and polyphosphoric acids. Suitable polycarboxylic acids include saturated, unsaturated and aromatic acids, as well as alpha-hydroxy acids. The textiles so treated exhibit high levels of wrinkle resistance and smooth drying properties durable to repeated laundering in alkaline detergents, and do not contain or release formaldehyde. Textiles treated by the polycarboxylic acids and alkali metal phosphite or hypophosphite catalysts, and having residues of these catalysts present, may be identified by infrared spectroscopy and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, because these textiles exhibit the presence in infrared spectra of the phosphorus-hydrogen bond and the ester groups of cellulose crosslinked with the polycarboxylic acids, and the presence of trivalent phosphorus in spectra from electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3575960 (1971-04-01), Tesoro
patent: 4820307 (1989-04-01), Welch et al.
Kottes Andrews, B. A., Welch, C. M., and Trask-Morrell, B. J., "Efficient Ester Crosslink Finishing For Formaldehyde-Free Durable Press Cotton Fabrics", American Dyestuff Reporter 78(6):15-23 (Jun. 1989).
Welch, C. M., "Tetracarboxylic Acids as Formaldehyde-Free Durable Press Finishing Agents", Textile Research J. 58(8):480-486 (Aug. 1988).
Kottes Andrews, B. A., "Non-formaldehyde Durable Press Finishing of Cotton with Citric Acid", Proceedings of the AATCC 1989 Int. Conf. & Exhib., Book of Papers, pp. 176-183 (Oct. 1989).
Trask-Morrell, B. J., Kottes Andrews, B. A., and Graves, E. E., "Evaluation of Polycarboxylic Acids as Durable Press Reactants Using Thermal and Mass Spectrometric Analyses Under Simulated Cure Conditions", Proceedings of the AATCC 1989 Int. Conf. & Exhib., Book of Papers, pp. 230-234 (Oct. 1989).

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