Mineral oils: processes and products – Refining – Sulfur removal
Patent
1994-10-14
1996-10-15
McFarlane, Anthony
Mineral oils: processes and products
Refining
Sulfur removal
208217, 502313, 502314, 502315, 502355, 502415, 423628, 423629, C10G 4504, B01J 2104, B01J 2376
Patent
active
055650910
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a method of preparing a catalyst composition and to a process for hydrodesulfurizing sulfur-containing hydrocarbons by using the catalyst composition as a desulfurization catalyst. Particularly, the present invention relates to a method of preparing a highly active catalyst composition, which may be advantageously used for the hydro-refining (for example, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation and hydrogenation), particularly hydrodesulfurization, of various hydrocarbons, for example, petroleum hydrocarbons, such as naphtha fractions, kerosene fractions, gas oil fractions, atmospheric residues, vacuum gas oils, vacuum residues and light cycle oils, shale oils and coal-derived oils. The present invention further relates to a hydrodesulfurization process, wherein the catalyst composition is used as a hydrodesulfurization catalyst, so that various sulfur-containing hydrocarbons, such as the above-described hydrocarbons containing organic sulfur compounds, can be desulfurized efficiently to give hydrocarbons of high quality which contain sufficiently reduced amounts of sulfur and nitrogen and are useful as fuel oils or the feed oils in the following catalytic processes.
BACKGROUND ART
Recently worldwide environmental disruption has become a serious problem. In particular, combustion of fossil fuels, such as petroleums and coals, is accompanied by the generation of nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x) and sulfur oxides (SO.sub.x), which when released into atmosphere, make acidic rain or acidic fog, to damage severely the natural environment of forests, lakes and mashes. Also, SO.sub.x and NO.sub.x, and further the particulates (such as the particulates of soot, dust and mist) released with the combustion exhaust are harmful to human bodies inhaling them. These circumstances demand some measure for as much reduction of the release of these pollutants including SO.sub.x, NO.sub.x and the particulates as possible.
A common measure for reducing the SO.sub.x release is an after-treatment following the combustion, i.e. flue gas desulfurization, which however is impractical for moving exhaust sources even if operable technically. It is therefore desirable to reduce the sulfur content; in fuels to a degree which no longer requires the flue gas desulfurization.
On the other hand. NO.sub.x occur necessarily even from well denitrified fuels when air is used for combustion, and particulates also occur in a large quantity depending on the kinds of fuels and the manners of combustion, thereby necessitating exhaust gas treatments for inhibiting release of NO.sub.x and particulates into atmosphere.
In the cases of stationary exhaust sources, such as boilers, it has become possible to remove fairly well the atmospheric pollutants, such as SO.sub.x, NO.sub.x and the particulates, by flue gas desulfurization or NO.sub.x removal. In the case of gasoline engines, such as those of passenger cars, the simultaneous removal of NO.sub.x, CO and hydrocarbons from exhaust gas has been effected by a ternary catalyst system, with the SO.sub.x content in the exhaust gas maintained low by using gasoline with low sulfur content. On the other hand, in the cases of diesel engines of trucks or the like, which are moving exhaust sources of these pollutants, the exhaust contains large quantities of NO.sub.x and the particulates including soot, which are now released as they are into atmosphere because of the absence of completed purification techniques. In such circumstances, there arises quickly the development of techniques for removing particulates also from diesel exhaust by oxidation or trapping and for removing NO.sub.x by reduction with catalysts operable in the atmosphere of oxygen. However, diesel engines use gas oils or the like as fuels and release exhaust gas containing a considerable concentration of SO.sub.x due to the present insufficient reduction of the sulfur content in the fuels. The SO.sub.x not only cause atmospheric pollution but also hinder considerably the removal of NO.sub.x fr
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Iino Akira
Iwamoto Ryuichiro
Mitani Tsuyoshi
Griffin Walter D.
Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd.
McFarlane Anthony
Petroleum Energy Center (PEC)
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