Electric lamp and discharge devices – Electrode and shield structures – Point source cathodes
Patent
1996-11-13
2000-02-01
O'Shea, Sandra
Electric lamp and discharge devices
Electrode and shield structures
Point source cathodes
313309, 313351, 445 50, 445 51, H01J 130, H01J 1924
Patent
active
060206772
ABSTRACT:
Carbon cone and carbon whisker field emitters are disclosed. These field emitters find particular usefulness in field emitter cathodes and display panels utilizing said cathodes. The carbon cone and carbon whisker field emitters can be formed by ion beam bombardment (e.g., ion beam etching) of carbon materials (e.g., bulk carbon, carbon films or carbon fibers).
REFERENCES:
patent: 2062370 (1936-12-01), Miller
patent: 3866077 (1975-02-01), Baker et al.
patent: 3883760 (1975-05-01), Cunningham, Jr.
patent: 4143292 (1979-03-01), Hosoki et al.
patent: 4728851 (1988-03-01), Lambe
patent: 4857799 (1989-08-01), Spindt et al.
patent: 4859493 (1989-08-01), Lemelson
patent: 4925701 (1990-05-01), Jansen et al.
patent: 4960643 (1990-10-01), Lemelson
patent: 5010249 (1991-04-01), Nishikawa
patent: 5015912 (1991-05-01), Spindt et al.
patent: 5055744 (1991-10-01), Tsuruoka
patent: 5075094 (1991-12-01), Morrish et al.
patent: 5080975 (1992-01-01), Komaki et al.
patent: 5082359 (1992-01-01), Kirkpatrick
patent: 5104634 (1992-04-01), Calcote
patent: 5129850 (1992-07-01), Kane et al.
patent: 5138220 (1992-08-01), Kirkpatrick
patent: 5138237 (1992-08-01), Kane et al.
patent: 5141460 (1992-08-01), Jaskie et al.
patent: 5146481 (1992-09-01), Garg et al.
patent: 5164051 (1992-11-01), Komaki et al.
patent: 5180951 (1993-01-01), Dworsky et al.
patent: 5199918 (1993-04-01), Kumar
patent: 5229099 (1993-07-01), Roy
patent: 5256888 (1993-10-01), Kane
patent: 5258685 (1993-11-01), Jaskie
patent: 5308661 (1994-05-01), Feng et al.
patent: 5358741 (1994-10-01), Gat
patent: 5374414 (1994-12-01), Morrish et al.
patent: 5560897 (1996-10-01), Valone et al.
patent: 5578901 (1996-11-01), Blanchet-Fincher et al.
patent: 5602439 (1997-02-01), Valone
patent: 5697827 (1997-12-01), Rabinowitz
Asano, T. et al., Field Emission From Ion-Milled Diamond Films on Si, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 13(2), pp. 431-434, Mar./Apr. 1995.
Nutzenadel, C. et al., Electron Field Emission From Diamond Tips Prepared by Ion Sputtering, Appl. Phys. Lett., 69 (18), pp. 2662-2664, Oct. 28, 1996.
IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, Carbon Whisker Formation, XP-002057989, vol. 20, pp. 775-776, Jul. 1977.
Spindt, C.A. et al, "Physical Properties of Thin Film Field Emission Cathodes",J. Appl. Phys., 47, 5248-5263 (1976) Dec.
Geis, M.W. et al, "Diamond Cold Cathode", IEEE Electron Device Letters, 12(8), 456-459 (1991) Aug.
Kumar, N. et al, SID 93 Digest, 1009-1011 (1993), Field-Emission Displays Based on Diamond Thin Films (no month).
Wang, C. et al, Electronics Letters, 27(16), 1459-1461 (1991), Cold Field Emission from CVD Diamond Films Observed in Emission Electron Microscope (no month).
Davanloo, F. et al, Journal Material Res., 5(11), 2398-2404 (1990) (Nov.) Laser Plasma Diamond.
Bachman, P.K. et al, Diamond and Related Materials, 1, 1-12 (1991) (no month) Towards a General Concept of Diamond CVD.
Angus, J.C. et al, Proc. 2nd Intern'l Symp. on Diamond Materials, The Electrochemical Society, Inc., Pennington, NJ, 91-8, 125-141 (1991) (no month).
Johnson, G.H., et al.Diamond and Diamond-Like Materials Synthesis, MRS Symposia Proc. EA-15, 99 (1988) (Apr.).
Frenklach, M., Proc. 2nd Intern'l Symp. on Diamond Materials, The Electrochemical Society, Inc., Pennington, NJ, 91-8, 142 (1991) (no month) Molecular Process in Diamond Formation.
Maeda, H. et al, Journal of Crystal Growth, 121, 507-515 (1992) (no month) Nucleation and Growth of Diamond in a Microwave Plasma.
Givargizov, E.I. et al, Mat. Letters, 18(1.2), 61-63 (1993) Nov. Growth of Diamond Particles on Sharpened Silicon Tips.
Stojanovic, et al, Electronics Ltrs., 27(16), 1459-1461 (1991) Aug. Cold Field Emission from CVD Diamond Films.
Dotter et al, "Nucleation & Growth of Highly Transparent Nanocrystalline Diamond Films in Diamond Materials", Dismukes, et al (Eds.), Electrochemical Soc. NJ, Inc., 746-752 (1993) (no month).
Ting et al, Diamond and Related Materials, 2, 1069-1077 (1993) (no month) Diamond-Infiltrated Carbon-Carbon Composites.
Roy et al, Mat. Trd. Bull., 28, 861-866 (1993) (no month) Diamond Synthesis via a low Pressure Process.
Bajic, S. et al, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 21, 200-204 (1988) (no month) Enhanced Cold-Cathode Emission using Composite Resin-Carbon Coatings.
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 7rd edition, CRC Press, 12-10 (1992).
Xu, N.S. et al, Electronics Letters, 29(18), 1596-1597 (1993) Sep. Field-Dependence of the Area-Density of CVD Diamond Films.
Litz, M.S. et al, "Rep-rate Explosive Whisker Emission Cathode Investigations", SPIE Proceedings, vol. 2154, Jan. 1994, Los Angeles, CA.
Li, Z., "Orientation relationship between chemical vapor deposited diamond and graphite substrates," J. Appl. Phys., 73(2), 711-715 (1993) (Jan.).
Roy, R. et al, "Crystallization of diamond below 1 atm from Carbon-Metal Mixtures", J. Mater. Chem., 3(6), 685-686 (1993) (no month).
Solomons, T.W.G., "Chapter 2: Some Representative Carbon Compounds", Organic Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, NY, 48-49 (1980) (no month).
Dan'ko D.B. et al., Electron and Photon Emission from Discontinuous Carbon Films, International Journal of Electronics, 73 N.R. 5, 1005-1008, 1992 (Nov.).
Nistor, L.C. et al., Direct observation of laser-induced crystallization of a- C:H Films, Applied Physics, a, No. 58, 137-144 (1994) (no month).
Chernozatonskii, L.A. et al., Chem. Phys. Letters, 233, (1995) (Feb.) pp. 63-68 Electron Field Emission from Nanofilament Carbon Films.
Chernozatonskii, L.A. et al., Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. vol. 359, 99-104 (1995) (no month) Nanotube Carbon Structure Tips.
Viduta, L.V. et al., Electron Emission From Gold and Graphite Films Having a Special Structure in the Presence of a Current Flow and Excitation by an Infrared Laser, Soviet Journal of Communications Technology & Electronics, 37 No. 1, 98-104, 1992 (no month).
Lee, C. et al., Comparison of Electron Beams Generated From Laser Activated Tungsten and Graphite Cathodes, IEEE Conference Record-Abstracts IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science, 91-92, 1983 (May).
Kumar, N. et al., 6.1: Development of Nano-Crystalline Diamond-Based Field-Emission Displays, SID International Symposium Digest of Technical Papers, 25, 43-46, 1994 (Jun.).
Builov, L.L. et al., Effects of Pulsed CO2 Laser Beam on Diamond Films, Phys. Chem. Mech. Surfaces, 6(6), 1492-1500, 1991 (Jan.).
van Vechten, J.A., Solberg W., Batson, P.E., Cuomo, J.J. and Rossnagel, S.M., J. Crystal Growth, 82, 289, 1987 (no month) "Kink Site Saturation for Whisker Growth under Sputtering Conditions".
Fishbine, B.H., et al., Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 359, 1995 (no month) pp. 93-98, Buckytube Cold Field Emitter Array Cathode Experiments.
Dresselhaus, M.S., Dresselhaus, G., Sugihara, K., Spain, I.L. and Goldberg, H.A., Graphite Fibers and Filaments, 32-34, 1988 (no month).
Robinson, R.S. et al., J. Vac. Sci. Technolo, 21 (3), 1398, 1983 (Oct.) "Ion-Beam Induced Topography and Surface Diffusion".
Floro, J.A., Rossnagel, S.M., and Robinson, R.S., J. Vac. Sci. Technolo., A 1(3), 1398 (Sep.) Ion-Bombardment-Induced Whisker Formation on Graphite.
Blanchet-Fincher Graciela Beatriz
Holstein William Leo
Shah Syed Ismat Ullah
Day Michael
E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company
O'shea Sandra
LandOfFree
Carbon cone and carbon whisker field emitters does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Carbon cone and carbon whisker field emitters, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Carbon cone and carbon whisker field emitters will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-939932