Carbohydrate-directed cross-linking reagents

Chemistry: natural resins or derivatives; peptides or proteins; – Proteins – i.e. – more than 100 amino acid residues – Lymphokines – e.g. – interferons – interlukins – etc.

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5303911, 5303913, 5303915, 5303917, 5303919, 530395, 530396, 530397, 530398, 514 8, 514 12, 514 21, 424 851, 4241781, 4241791, 4241941, 42419511, C07K 1514

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active

058891552

ABSTRACT:
The invention provides heterobifunctional cross-linking reagents and methods of using the cross-linking reagents. The cross-linking reagents of the invention combine a nucleophilic hydrazide residue with an electrophilic maleimide residue, allowing coupling of aldehydes to free thiols. In the methods of the invention, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected cells can be detected using conjugates that include CD4 molecules conjugated to detectable markers via the disclosed cross-linking reagents.

REFERENCES:
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patent: 5066490 (1991-11-01), Neville et al.
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Duzgunes, N. et al., "Liposome Targeting to HIV-Infected Cells Via Recombinant Soluble CD4 and CD4-IgG (Immunoadhesin)" J. Cell. Biochem. Abst. Suppl. 16E:77 (1992).
Heindel et al., "A Novel Heterobifunctional Linker for Formyl to Thiol Coupling" Bioconjugate Chem. 2:427-430 (1991).
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Martin, F.J. et al., "Immunospecific Targeting of Liposomes to Cells: A Novel and Efficient Method for Covalent Attachment of Fab.sup.1 Fragments via Disulfide Bonds" Journal of Biological Chemistry 257:286-288 (1982).
Rodwell, J.D., "Site-Specific Covalent Modification of Monoclonal Antibodies: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations" Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:2632-2636 (1986).
Traut, R.R. et al., "Methyl 4-Mercaptobutyrimidate as a Cleavable Cross-Linking Reagent and Its Application to the Escherichia coli 30S Ribosome" Biochemistry 12:3266-3275 (1973).
Webb R.R., II and Kaneko, T., "Synthesis of Heterobifunctional Cross-Linking Reagents" Bioconjugate Chem. 1:96-99 (1990).
Zara, J.J. et al., "A Carbohydrate-Directed Heterobifunctional Cross-Linking Reagent for the Synthesis of Immunoconjugates" Analytical Biochemistry 194:156-162 (1991).

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