Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Compound curve structure
Patent
1996-11-12
1998-10-06
Friedman, Carl D.
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Compound curve structure
52 86, 523097, 5230911, 5230914, 5230916, 52574, 525881, 525902, 525922, 527871, 527941, 527981, 5280111, E04B 720, E04D 335, E04C 232, E04C 236
Patent
active
058159894
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a cantilevered roof construction.
Such a construction is known from British Patent Specification 1,225,152, which describes a roof section consisting of two metal outer and inner plates respectively which lie at a distance from each other and between which a foam material is disposed. These sections or elements are coupled to each other. It is stated that such a construction is supported at regular intervals at right angles to the lengthwise direction by supporting walls, beams or the like.
The disadvantage of such roof elements is that the free length to be spanned is normally about 6 meters, and is a maximum of 8 meters. This means that through the presence of walls or horizontal beams supporting the roof elements, which walls or beams are in turn supported by vertical columns, only a limited free floor surface in the part of the building below the roof construction can be obtained.
This is a disadvantage in the case of, for example, sports halls, stores and buildings in which an open layout is of great importance.
The object of the present invention is to improve this construction so that greater support-free covered areas with an open layout are obtained.
It has been found that if large spans are achieved with the roof elements according to British Patent Specification 1,225,152, permanent bending stresses, which cannot be absorbed by the foam material disposed between the outer and inner skin of roof elements, occur. It has been found that such a foam material can absorb only brief pressure forces, and as soon as shearing forces or other forces give rise to forces resulting in a tensile force the foam material fails and the roof element collapses. Besides, the foam exhibits strong creep tendencies, with the result that lengthy pressure loading is not acceptable. In the case of the construction according to the British patent the foam is thus used only as an insulating and filling material. Through the presence of the flanged edges on the inner and outer skin, it can always be ensured that the distance between outer skin and inner skin is constant, so that the strength of the `box construction` formed by the outer and inner skin does not decrease.
For the invention it is essential for roof elements to follow each other in "ridge" and "trough" formation. Although this is also disclosed in British Patent Specification 1,225,152, this sequence does not appear to contribute to the strength required for producing greater spans. Moreover, the absence of reinforcing couplings and connecting materials between the various elements means that this cannot be expected, or intermediate supports are necessary.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,732,138 discloses a flat panel construction. The flat character means that it is simply impossible to obtain the strength which can be achieved by the present invention, so that a greater number of supports is always necessary. If used as a roof construction, roof elements according to U.S. Pat. No. 3,732,138 can be used only as a sound-insulating and sealing construction, which must be supported on yet a further construction. Rigidity and strength are reduced through the indirect connection of the body to the top plate by way of the foam. The absence of a foam layer extending over the full thickness of the section means that the strength which can be achieved with the roof elements according to the invention cannot be obtained.
With the construction according to the present invention it is possible to achieve free spans of at least 15 meters, and up to as much as 30 meters and more. It will be understood that this makes it possible to achieve buildings which, on the one hand, are cheap and, on the other hand, offer a particularly large range of potential uses, due to the absence of supports. The connecting sections and the edge sections of the roof elements will generally be made of metal or plastic material. The connecting sections are preferably provided in some way with insulation, so that no direct heat conduction between the outer skin and the inner skin o
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Bennenk Hendrik Willem
Istha Johannis
Van Der Leij Robert
Callo Laura A.
Friedman Carl D.
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