Cannula guide device

Details Cannula guide device Cannula guide device

1999-05-19

2001-02-13

Weiss, John G. (Department: 3763)

Surgery

Means for introducing or removing material from body for...

Treating material introduced into or removed from body...

C604S164010

Reexamination Certificate

active

06186984

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to a cannula guide device. More particularly, this invention relates to a cannula guide device that can securely and safely guide a cannula into a blood vessel or tract of a patient without accidental removal of its already pricked guide needle from the patient's blood vessel or tract, or without undue damage to the patient's blood vessel or tract or skin by the guide needle, or without undue pains to the patient.
2. Prior Art
It is generally time consuming to perform blood transfusion or fluid transfusion on a patient. Before, a patient was required to undergo a long and often painful fluid transfusion treatment with a conventional injection needle to be inserted into his or her blood vessel or tract. The patient had to stay substantially motionless during the long transfusion treatment in order to prevent the injection needle from accidentally coming off his or her blood vessel or tract. If the injection needle accidentally comes off, the injection needle must be pricked into the patient again. The patient's awkward movement might additionally cause damage onto his or her blood vessel or tract or even skin with the sharp needle end, which would inevitably accompany considerable pains to be suffered by the patient.
Cannula guide devices have been introduced in replacement of such conventional injection needle devices so as to perform safer and securer and thus less painful fluid transfusion on a patient who needs transfusion treatment, to a great benefit not only to the patient but also to the medical personnel who performs the transfusion treatment upon the patent.
A conventional cannula guide device is comprised of a needle holder, a cannula and a guide needle axially secured to the needle holder. The guide needle is provided through the fluid passage of the cannula with its forward or distal end protruding a few millimeters from the distal end of the cannula so as to be pricked ahead of the cannula into a patient's blood vessel or tract hypodermically. The cannula is then pushed or pulled and slid forward or distally on the axially provided internal guide needle into the blood vessel or tract. When the distal end of the cannula is pricked or inserted into the blood vessel or tract, the guide needle is pulled rearward or proximally and removed from the blood vessel or tract and eventually from the cannula entirely in order to clear the fluid passage of the cannula for transfusion treatment. Blood or fluid is then pumped into or extracted from the blood vessel or tract through the fluid passage of the cannula.
Such a conventional cannula guide device provides an invaluable benefit to patients who need transfusion treatment as well as medical personnel who perform transfusion on such patients, but not without a serious shortcoming. The shortcoming that inevitably accompanies conventional cannula guide devices is described hereinunder using the accompanying
FIG. 5
(prior art), in which a cannula guide device
80
is shown comprising a cannula
61
, a guide needle
71
, a cannula base
70
b
, and a needle holder
70
a
. The guide needle
71
is provided through the fluid passage (not shown) formed through the cannula
61
. The rear or proximal end of the cannula
61
is secured to the forward or distal end of the cannula base
70
b.
After the guide needle
71
is pricked into a blood vessel or tract
90
of a patient (not shown) a couple of millimeters deep, the cannula guide device
80
is generally held with four fingers as shown in FIG.
5
. The cannula base
70
b
is held between a thumb and index finger of one hand, while the needle holder
70
a
is held between the other thumb and index finger. The cannula
61
is pushed (or pulled) forward or distally in the direction shown by an arrow F
1
to be inserted into the blood vessel or tract
90
where the guide needle
71
has been pricked, while the needle holder
70
a
is carefully held still. Otherwise, the needle holder
70
a
may be inadvertently pulled rearward or proximally in the direction shown by an arrow F
2
as a reaction, which would pull the pricked guide needle
71
inadvertently out of the blood vessel or tract
90
, and may cause damage on the blood vessel or tract
90
or the patient's skin. Such can likely happen when the medical performer is pressed for time. The guide needle
71
must be pricked into the blood vessel or tract
90
over again, to the physical as well as mental detriment of the patient, which would be equally detrimental to the medical performer.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved cannula guide device that can safely and securely insert its cannula into a patient's blood vessel or tract without generating awkward reactive force on its needle holder and guide needle.
The above object of the invention can be achieved by providing a rotary cannula arrangement that can rotate and advance its cannula on the axially provided guide needle instead of pushing or pulling the cannula.
Such a rotary cannula arrangement is provided such that the cannula holder is rotated with a finger or fingers of one hand coaxially with the needle holder in a prearranged direction relative to the needle holder so as to gradually and steadily advance the cannula on the guide needle into a patient's blood vessel or tract, while the needle holder is held substantially motionless with the other hand. There will hardly be caused “reactive motion” on the needle holder for the cannula is not pushed or pulled forward or distally. Accordingly, accidental detachment of the guide needle from the patient's blood vessel or tract can be effectively avoided.
The foregoing feature of the invention may be provided by providing the distal end of the needle holder with a slant surface and the proximal end of the cannula holder with a protrusion to be turned and slid along the slant surface forward, while adequately preventing accidental detachment of the needle holder and the cannula holder from each other. With this arrangement, the cannula holder and cannula can advance forward relative to the needle holder and the guide needle without “kicking back” the needle holder when the cannula holder is coaxially rotated by means of the protrusion relative to the needle holder, as will be described hereinafter in more detail referring to the accompanying drawings.
Such a feature of the invention may alternatively be provided by providing a thread mating arrangement between the needle holder and the cannula holder, as will be described in detail hereinafter using the accompanying drawings. The cannula whose proximal end is coaxially secured to the distal end of the cannula holder gradually and steadily advances on the guide needle as the cannula holder advances, without generating reactive force on the needle holder.


REFERENCES:
patent: 4966586 (1990-10-01), Vaillancourt
patent: 5250036 (1993-10-01), Farivar
patent: 5542930 (1996-08-01), Schur
patent: 5681288 (1997-10-01), Schlitt
patent: 5913845 (1999-06-01), Brimhall

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