Fuel and related compositions – Candle composition
Reexamination Certificate
2000-02-01
2001-04-24
Medley, Margaret (Department: 1714)
Fuel and related compositions
Candle composition
C431S288000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06221115
ABSTRACT:
The instant invention pertains to compositions containing candle wax stabilized by a combination of a UV absorber, preferably a benzotriazole, plus a hindered amine substituted on the N-atom by an alkoxy, a cycloalkoxy or a hydroxy-substituted alkoxy moiety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Candles have been known for many centuries going back to the eighth century B.C. The nature of candles is described in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Volume A5 at pages 29-30 where it is seen that candles are made from paraffin, beeswax and stearin as basic materials, and where a host of additives may also be present.
It is not surprising that with candles and wax becoming increasingly more important attention was paid as to how to stabilize said materials. At the National Candle Association Meeting in Houston, 1994, R. van der Vennet presented a paper on “Antioxidants in Wax—Replacement of BHT” touting the use of Vitamin E (tocopherol) as an antioxidant to prevent the yellowing of wax when oxidized. WO 94/13736 describes the same invention.
EP 359,488 A3 and EP 133,964 B 1 describe stabilized waxes used in cosmetics where the waxes are the same or similar to those used in candles.
EP 5,922 A1 describes lip cosmetics where the waxes are useful in lipsticks and are related to those useful in candles.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,879,694 describes in detail transparent gel candles both in composition and structure. The use of BHT as an antioxidant is mentioned.
At the National Candle Association Technical Meeting on Apr. 16, 1998, F. A. Ballentine et al., presented a paper entitled “Inhibiting Color Fading of Dyed Candles with CYASORB® Light Absorbers” in which the general theories of thermal oxidation and photodegradation are discussed along with data on the effect of light absorbers on color stability of dyed candle waxes. The light absorbers compared are 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxy-benzophenone UV-531; 4-methoxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone UV-9; 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole UV-5365; 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl-2H-benzo-triazole UV-5411 and 2-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-amylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole UV-2337).
U.S. Pat. No. 5,964,905 teaches dyed and scented candle gels containing triblock copolymers and a hydrocarbon oil of high flash point. This reference teaches that a light (UV) absorber may be used to improve the shelf stability of the candle color when exposed to visible or ultraviolet light. Two preferred absorbers are ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate (PARSOL® MCX, Roche) and 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole (CYASORB® 5411, Cytec).
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
One object of the invention is to provide for a white, dyed, dipped, unscented and/or scented candle wax stabilized by a UV absorber plus a hindered amine substituted on the N-atom by an alkoxy, a cycloalkoxy or a hydroxy-substituted alkoxy group.
DETAILED DISCLOSURE
The instant invention pertains to a composition which comprises
(a) white, dyed, dipped, unscented and/or scented candle wax, and
(b) an effective stabilizing amount of a combination of
(i) a UV absorber, and
(ii) a hindered amine substituted on the N-atom with an alkoxy, cycloalkoxy or a hydroxy-substituted alkoxy group or a mixture of said hindered amines,
wherein the ratio by weight of (i) to (ii) is from 10:1 to 1:10; preferably 4:1 to 1:4; most preferably 2:1 to 1:2.
An effective amount of the UV absorber plus the hindered amine in the candle wax is 0.01 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight; and most preferably 0.1 to 0.5% Iby weight based on the wax.
Preferably the UV absorber of component (i) is a benzotriazole, a benzophenone, an &agr;-cyanoacrylate, an oxanilide, an s-triazine, a cinnamate, a malonate, a benzoate or a salicylate, or a mixture thereof.
Most preferably the UV absorber of component (i) is a benzotriazole, a benzophenone or an s-triazine; especially a benzotriazole.
The UV absorbers are well known in the field of stabilization of substrates from degradation caused by exposure to actinic radiation. Examples of UV absorbers which may be used beneficially in candles include the following:
(a) 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone;
(b) 4-methoxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone;
(c) 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole;
(d) 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tertloctylphenyl-2H-benzotriazole;
(e) 2-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-amylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole;
(f) octyl 3-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate;
(g) 2-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole;
(h) 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole;
(i) 5-chloro-2-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole;
(j) 5-chloro-2-(2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole;
(k) 2-(2-hydroxy-3-sec-butyl-5-tert-butylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole;
(l) 2-(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole;
(m) 2-(2-hydroxy-3-dodecyl-5-methylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole;
(n) 2-[2-hydroxy-3,5-di(&agr;,&agr;-dimethylbenzyl)phenyl]-2H-benzotriazole;
(o) 2-[2-hydroxy-3-(&agr;,&agr;-dimethylbenzyl)-5-tert-octylphenyl]-2H-benzotriazole;
(p) 2-{2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-[2-(omega-hydroxy-octa(ethyleneoxy)carbonyl)-ethyl]phenyl}-2H-benzotriazole;
(q) 2-{2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-[2-(octyloxy)carbonyl)ethyl]phenyl}-2H-benzoriazole;
(r) 2-ethylhexyl p-methoxycinnamate;
(s) 4-methoxy-2,2′-dihydroxybenzophenone;
(t) 4,4′dimethoxy-2,2′-dihydroxybenzophenone;
(u) 2,4-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6-(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine;
(v) 2,4-diphenyl-6-(2-hydroxy-4-hexyloxyphenyl)-s-triazine;
(w) 2,4-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl]-s-triazine; and
(x) 2,4-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-do-/tri-decyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)-5-&agr;-cumylphenyl]-s-triazine.
Preferably, the UV absorber is
(a) 4-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone;
(b) 4-methoxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone;
(d) 2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl-2H-benzotriazole;
(o) 2-[2-hydroxy-3-(&agr;,&agr;-dimethylbenzyl)-5-tert-octylphenyl]-2H-benzotriazole;
(p) 2-{2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-[2-(omega-hydroxy-octa(ethyleneoxy)carbonyl)-ethyl]phenyl}-2H-benzotriazole; or
(q) 2-{2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-[2-(octyloxy)carbonyl)ethyl]phenyl}-2H-benzotriazole.
The hindered amines substituted on the N-atom by an alkoxy or a cycloalkoxy moiety are well known in the art. These are described in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 5,204,473, the relevant parts of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The hindered amines substituted on the N-atom by an alkoxy, cycloalkoxy or benzyloxy moiety which are useful in the instant invention include the following:
(a) bis(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate;
(b) bis(1-cyclohexyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate;
(c) 1-cyclohexyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-octadecylaminopiperidine;
(d) 2,4-bis[(1-cyclohexyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)butylamino]-6-(2-hydroxyethylamino-s-triazine;
(e) bis(1-cyclohexyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) adipate;
(f) the oligomeric compound which is the condensation product of 4,4′-hexamethylenebis(amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine) and 2,4-dichloro-6-[(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)butylamino]-s-triazine end-capped with 2-chloro-4,6-bis(dibutylamino)-s-triazine;
(g) the oligomeric compound which is the condensation product of 4,4′-hexamethylenebis(amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine) and 2,4-dichloro-6-[(1-cyclohexyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)butylamino]-s-triazine end-capped with 2-chloro-4,6-bis(dibutylamino)-s-triazine;
(h) 1-methoxy-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine;
(i) 1-octyloxy-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine;
(j) 1-cyclohexyldxy-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine;
(k) 1-methoxy-4-oxo -2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine;
(l) 1-octyloxy-4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine;
(m) 1-cyclohexyloxy-4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine,
(n) bis(1-heptyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate,
(o) bis(1-nonyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate,
(p)
Al-Akhdar Walid
Hyun James Lee
Ravichandran Ramanathan
Smith Andrea
Trainor Kevin
Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation
Hall Luther A. R.
Medley Margaret
Toomer Cephia D.
LandOfFree
Candle wax stabilized by a combination of UV absorber plus a... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Candle wax stabilized by a combination of UV absorber plus a..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Candle wax stabilized by a combination of UV absorber plus a... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-2473004