Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Carbohydrate doai
Patent
1997-08-19
1999-08-17
Prats, Francisco
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Carbohydrate doai
514 23, 5361231, 536123, 4242441, A61K 31715, A61K 3909, C08B 3700
Patent
active
059394048
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a cancer metastasis inhibitor containing a sugar chain separated from the surface of a streptococcus agalactiae Ia type or Ib type surface polysaccharide as a main ingredient.
BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY
As the cancer therapeutic method, a chemotherapy in which various antitumor agents are administrated, an immunotherapy in which production of an antibody to cancer cells is accelerated, a surgical therapy in which cancer cells are removed or enucleated, radiotherapy in which cancer cells are killed by irradiating radioactive rays upon them, etc. are employed.
However, even if a primary cancer is completely healed, a problem may still exist. That is, the reason why the cancer is a malignant tumor is that the cancer is metastatic, and that persons are often killed with metastatic cancers provoked by metastasis of cancer cells. It cannot be said that a method for suppressing the metastasis of the cancer cells has been established, and it is a present situation that a medicine having a cancer cell metastasis suppressing effect has not yet been made commercially available.
On the other hand, a few or several steps are considered for the metastasis mechanism, and a casual relationship between the cancer metastasis and the sugar chain has been recently discussed in academic meetings. In the metastasis of the cancer cells, cancer cells are first released from a cancer-developed site, and are carried and moved through a human body with blood. E-selectin as one of intercellular adhesive molecules appears on the surface of an intravascular endothelial cell for a certain reason. This E-selectin interacts with free cancer cells moving through the human body with blood, which causes a rolling phenomenon in which the free cancer cells roll on the surfaces of the intravascular endothelial cells and reduce their moving speed in the blood. Consequently, the free cancer cells are adhered to the intravascular endothelial cells through the rolling phenomenon. Then, the cancer cells pass between the intravascular endothelial cells, and enter vascular tissues, so that a new cancer cell nest is formed (See FIG. 1).
In this series of steps, the adhesion between the E-selectin, appearing as one of the intercellular adhesive molecules, on the surface of an intravascular endothelial cell and the sugar chain present at the surfaces of the cancer cells plays a very important role in an initial stage of the adhesion between the cancer cells and the intravascular endothelial cells. As an antibody against the sugar chain at the surface of the cancer cell which sugar chain interacts with the E-selectin, sialic acid-containing complex sugar chains called sialyl Le.sup.a and sialyl Le.sup.x have been identified.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
Having noted that the surface sugar chain of a Ia type or Ib type of bacteria called Streptococcus agalactia has a structure very similar to that of the sugar chain called sialyl Le.sup.a or sialyl Le.sup.x as the antibody against the sugar chain at the surface of the cancer cell (See FIG. 2), the present inventors have completed the present invention based on an idea that the metastasis of the cancer cells might be prevented by utilizing the surface sugar chain originating from the Streptococcus agalactia bacteria Ia type or Ib type. The surface sugar chains originating from the Streptococcus agalactia bacteria Ia type and Ib type differ from the antibody against the surface sugar chain of the cancer cell only in that the sialyl Le.sup.a and sialyl Le.sup.x as the antibody against the sugar chains at the surface of the cancer cell have a fucose residue, whereas the surface sugar chains originating from the Streptococcus agalactia bacteria Ia type and Ib type have glucose and galactose polymerized as in FIG. 2.
More specifically, the present inventors have noted the surface sugar chains originating from the Streptococcus agalactia bacteria Ia type and Ib type, and considered if the adhesion among the above polysaccharides and the cancer cells and the intrav
REFERENCES:
patent: 4413057 (1983-11-01), Carlo et al.
Cell Technology: Y. Kawamura et al. "Adhesion between cancer cells and the endothelial cells via sugar chains", vol. 7, pp. 1151-1157, No. 8, Jul. 1993.
Iijima Shinji
Kawase Mitsuo
Miyake Katsuhide
Yamamoto Shin
Yoshida Yasuko
NGK Insulators Ltd.
Prats Francisco
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