Measuring and testing – Vibration – By mechanical waves
Patent
1993-11-08
1995-08-29
Williams, Hezron E.
Measuring and testing
Vibration
By mechanical waves
73602, G01N 2904
Patent
active
054450292
ABSTRACT:
A method and apparatus for the ultrasonic inspection of acoustically "noisy" specimens, such as those having intrinsically coarse grain structure (e.g., turbine rotor parts made of superalloy compositions) employs several types of ultrasonic diagnostic measurement techniques, including at least: "Pitch-Catch" analysis and "Pulse-Echo Axial Long-Wave" analysis. When a Pitch-Catch technique is utilized, a "through-transmitted" sound wave is acquired for each specimen tested and used as a calibration standard to normalize ultrasonic inspection test data for that specimen prior to any automated defect/flaw detection and sizing processing. The through transmitted sound wave is also used to equate the amplitude of "indications" (i.e., significant detected ultrasonic reflections) to that of a standardized theoretical reflector of known size (e.g., an equivalent "flat bottom hole" or EFBH reflector) so that the test sensitivity or "size of indications" can be uniquely determined for each specimen on which the test is performed. When a Pulse-Echo technique is utilized, a through-transmitted sound wave is not used (since this technique employs only a single transducer) and inspection data is instead normalized by a "back wall" reflection signal. Once ultrasonic inspection test data is obtained and digitized, a "rolling average" of the data is used to estimate the localized noise level within the material under test. For every transducer pulse data point obtained, a unique signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio is computed. Variations in S/N ratio for the material are measured at each axial slice of material volume inspected. A function of the standard deviation of the S/N values is then used to automatically adjust a detection amplitude threshold to optimize the flaw detection process and minimize false alarms.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4646754 (1987-03-01), Seale
patent: 5099848 (1992-03-01), Parker
Dixon Elizabeth L.
Falsetti Robert V.
General Electric Co.
Oda Christine K.
Williams Hezron E.
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