Presses – Methods – With heating or cooling
Patent
1996-03-07
1997-09-30
Gerrity, Stephen F.
Presses
Methods
With heating or cooling
100162B, 100163A, 100331, D21G 100, B30B 304
Patent
active
056716656
ABSTRACT:
A calender for treating a paper web includes a roller stack being loaded with a load on one end. The calender has at least two hard rollers each having a substantially smooth outer surface. The at least two hard rollers each have a device for heating a surface of the roller to a temperature of at least 100.degree. C. The calender also includes at least two soft rollers, wherein each of the at least two soft rollers is disposed adjacent to at least one of the at least two hard rollers to form a working nip therebetween. At least one working nip has a dwell time of the paper web passing through the working nip of at least 0.1 ms. The load on the rollers produces an average compressive stress in the at least one working nip of at least 42 N/mm.sup.2. An arithmetic mean of the numerical value of the surface temperature T, the dwell time t and the compressive stress p in all of the working nips satisfies the following relationship:
REFERENCES:
patent: 2300994 (1942-11-01), Thiele et al.
patent: 2926600 (1960-03-01), Engelgau
patent: 3153378 (1964-10-01), Nelson
patent: 4480537 (1984-11-01), Agronin et al.
patent: 4653395 (1987-03-01), Verkasalo
patent: 4738197 (1988-04-01), Malkia 100 93 RP
"Die neuen Superkalanderkonzepte", Voith Sulzer Papiertechnik, 1994, No. May 1994 d.
Haag Rolf van
Junk Dieter
Kayser Franz
Rothfuss Ulrich
Wenzel Reinhard
Gerrity Stephen F.
Voith Sulzer Finishing GmbH
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