Chemistry of inorganic compounds – Treating mixture to obtain metal containing compound – Alkaline earth metal
Patent
1994-09-06
1997-12-02
Mullis, Jeffrey C.
Chemistry of inorganic compounds
Treating mixture to obtain metal containing compound
Alkaline earth metal
426635, 426636, 127 37, C01F 1102, C01F 1106, A23K 112
Patent
active
056932960
ABSTRACT:
Lignocellulose-containing materials are treated with lime (calcium hydroxide) and water at a relatively high temperature and for a certain period of time under certain conditions. The process variables were: lime loading which ranged from about 2 to about g Ca(OH).sub.2 /100 g dry material; water loading which ranged from about 6 to about 19 g water/g dry material; treatment temperature which varied from about 50.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C.; and treatment time which varied from about 1 to about 36 hours. The effects of treatment time and temperature were interdependent.
A process for lime recovery is developed. The soluble Ca(OH).sub.2 was washed out of the pretreated material with water and converted to insoluble CaCO.sub.3, by reacting with CO.sub.2, and was thus separated. The CaCO.sub.3 can be heated to produce CaO and CO.sub.2. The CaO is hydrated to Ca(OH).sub.2 which can be reused as the lignocellulose treatment agent. Carbon dioxide is reused for lime recovery.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3212933 (1965-10-01), Hess et al.
patent: 3639206 (1972-02-01), Spruill
patent: 3707436 (1972-12-01), O'Connor
patent: 3875317 (1975-04-01), Ferguson
patent: 3944463 (1976-03-01), Samuelson et al.
patent: 4087317 (1978-05-01), Roberts
patent: 4113553 (1978-09-01), Samuelson
patent: 4356196 (1982-10-01), Hultquist
patent: 4597830 (1986-07-01), April et al.
patent: 4842877 (1989-06-01), Tyson
patent: 5198074 (1993-03-01), Villavicencio et al.
Iwata "The Simple Method of Straw Disintigration", Nippon Chikusan Gakkai Ho, pp. 189-199 (1930).
Negi et al. "Digestibility of Carbohydrates in Terms of the Conventional Vis a Vis the Newer Fractions in Untreated and Treated Paddy Straw Rations," The India-Veterinary Journal, v. 40, Nov. 1963, pp. 718-724.
Maeng et al. "Improving the Nutritive Value of Rice Straw I. Effect of Alkali Treatment on the Chemical Composition and in Vitro Digestibility of India Type Rice Straw", Hanguk Ch'uksan Hakhoe Ch: (1979), 21(4), 343-9.
Shah et al. "Digestibility of Alkali Treated Corn Cobs", Pak. J. Sci. Ind. Res. (1992), 35(4), 126-30.
Winugroho et al. "A Soak and Press Method for the Alkali Treatment of Fibrous Crop Residues", Agricultural Wastes 9 (1984) 87-99.
Iwata, Translation of "Sample Methods for Rice Straw Disintigration", Journal of the Japanese Livestock Society pp. 189-199 (1930).
Shah et al. "Digestibility of Some Crop Residues After Steam/Pressure Treatments" Biol. Wastes (1987), 19(1), 63-67.
Playne "Increased Digestibility of Bagasse by Pretreatment with Alkalis and Steam Explosion", Biotechnol. and Bioeng. vol. XXVI, 26, 426-433 (1984).
Vinod P. Puri, "Effect of Crystallinity and Degree of Polymerization of Cellulose on Enzymatic Saccharification," Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol. XXVI, pp. 1219-1222, (1984).
M. A. Millett et al., "Modifying Wood to Increase Its In Vitro Digestibility," Journal of Animal Science, vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 781-788, Oct. 1970.
Wayne E. Moore et al., "Hydrolysis of Wood and Cellulose with Cellulytic Enzymes," J. Agr. Food Chem., vol. 20, No. 6, pp. 1173-1175, (1972).
A. C. Waiss, Jr., "Improving Digestibility of Straws for Ruminant Feed by Aqueous Ammonia," Journal of Animal Science, vol. 35, No. 1, pp. 109-112, (1972).
P. J. Morris et al., "Nutritive Value of Ground And/Or Ammoniated Corn Stover," Can. J. Anim. Sci., vol. 60, No. 2, pp. 327-336, (Jun. 1980).
Merill A. Millett et al., "Pretreatments to Enhance Chemical, Enzymatic, and Microbiological Attack of Cellulosic Materials," Biotechnol. & Bioeng. Symp., No. 5, pp. 193-219, (1975).
R. W. Mellenberger et al., "Digestion of Aspen, Alkali-Treated Aspen, and Aspen Bark by Goats," Journal of Animal Science, vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 756-763, (Apr. 1971).
Harry Schleicher et al., "Changes of Cellulose Accessibility to Reactions in Alkaline Medium by Activation with Ammonia," Journal of Polym. Sci. Symp., vol. 47, pp. 251-260, (1974).
A. Felix et al., "In Vitro and In Vivo Digestibility of Soya-Beam Straw Treated with Various Alkalis," Animal Prod., 1990, 51, 47.
John C. Waller et al., "Hydroxides for Treating Crop Residues," Journal of Animal Science, vol. 41, pp. 424-425, Abstract 711, (1975).
D. Craig Anderson et al., "Chemical Treatment of Ryegrass Straw: In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility and Compositional Changes," Journal of Animal Science, vol. 37, No. 1, pp. 148-152, (1973).
P. H. Robinson et al., "Influence of Ammoniation of High Moisture Barley On Its In Situ Rumen Degradation and Influence on Rumen Fermentation in Dairy Cows," Can. J. Anim. Sci., vol. 68, pp. 839-851, (Sep. 1988).
Harold Tarkow et al., "A Mechanism for Improving the Digestibility of Lignocellulosic Materials with Dilute Alkali and Liquid Ammonia," ACS, 95, pp. 197-217, (1969).
Josef Schurz, "How to Make Native Lignocellulosic Materials Accessible to Chemical and Microbial Attack," Proc. Bioconversion Symp., IIT Delhi, pp. 37-58, (1977).
Terry Klopfenstein, "Chemical Treatment of Crop Residues," Journal of Animal Science, vol. 46, No. 3, pp. 841-848, (1978).
F. H. Gharib et al., "In Vitro Evaluation of Chemically-Treated Poplar Bark," Journal of Animal Science, vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 734-742, (1975).
B. S. Capper et al., "Alkali-Treated Roughages for Feeding Ruminants: A Review," Trop. Sci., vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 73-87, (1977).
600I Chemical Abstracts, vol. 93, No. 17, Oct. 27, 1980, 93:166609a, p. 539.
600I Chemical Abstracts, vol. 100, No. 17, Apr. 1984, 137872p, p. 544.
Davison Richard R.
Holtzapple Mark T.
Nagwani Murlidhar
Mullis Jeffrey C.
Remenick James
The Texas A&M University System
LandOfFree
Calcium hydroxide pretreatment of biomass does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Calcium hydroxide pretreatment of biomass, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Calcium hydroxide pretreatment of biomass will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-798891