Winding – tensioning – or guiding – Composite article winding – On internally toothed core
Reexamination Certificate
1999-06-08
2001-08-28
Enad, Elvin (Department: 2834)
Winding, tensioning, or guiding
Composite article winding
On internally toothed core
C310S049540
Reexamination Certificate
active
06279850
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to electric machines such as transformers, synchronous machines, normal asynchronous machines as well as dual-fed machines, applications in asynchronous static current converter cascades, outerpole machines and synchronous flow machines as well as alternating current machines intended in the first place as generators in power stations for generating electric power. The invention relates particularly to the winding procedure in such machines.
BACKGROUND ART
Conventional machines have been designed for voltages in the range 15-30 kV, and 30 kV has normally been considered to be an upper limit. In the case of generators this normally means that a generator must be connected to the power network via a step-up transformer. The voltage level of the power network can be in the range of approximately 130-400 kV.
The present invention is intended to be used with high voltages. In this specification the term “High voltages” means electric voltages exceding 10 kV, Typically, an operating range for a machine wound in accordance with the invention and using a cable forerunner according to the invention may be voltages from 36 kV up to 800 kV.
By using high-voltage insulated electric conductors in the following termed high-voltage cables, with solid insulation similar to that used in cables for transmitting electric power (e.g. XLPE cables) in a rotating electric machine, the voltage of the machine can be increased to such levels that it can be connected directly to the power network without intermediate transformers. The conventional transformer can thus be eliminated. The cable is provided with an outer semi-conducting layer with the help of which its outer potential is defined. The high voltage cables thus enclose the electrical field within the windings. Such an insulated conductor or cable is flexible and it is of a kind which is described more in detail in the PCT applications SE97/00874 and SE97/00875. Additional descriptions of the concerned insulated conductor or cable can be found in the PCT applications SE 97/009001, SE 97/00902 and SE97/00903.
This concept generally implies that the slots in which the cables are arranged in the stator to be deeper than conventional technology (thicker insulation due to higher voltage and more turns in the winding). This entails new problems in winding the high-voltage cable in such machines.
Many different methods are available for winding the stator in a rotating electric machine with conventional windings. However, all these methods presume that the windings are stiff and can be inserted without being wound. Further, conventional windings are normally divided into short parts to fit the slots of the stator. These methods cannot be used in the present invention, where the windings consist of high voltage cables of substantial lengths, which have large diameter, high weight per unit length and high flexural rigidity. Further, during the winding process, the outer semiconducting layer of the cable must not be damaged. The difficulties in winding such a cable are thus considerable.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to provide a device and a procedure that enables the winding of a high-voltage cable in an electric machine where the space available for handling the cable is also limited.
Advantageous further developments of the invention are indicated in the following description.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a procedure and a device for winding high-voltage cables in an electric machine, such as the stator winding in a high-voltage alternating current generator.
In order to achieve the desired shape, radius, in a flexurally rigid cable in a end winding region in a continuous process when winding the stator for an electric machine, a cable forerunner is used that pulls the cable behind it. This cable forerunner comprises a chain of suitably long rigid or flexible, pliable cylindrical links connected to a jointed coupling at their axial centre. A suitable gap (A) is provided between the links in a straight chain at the outer edge of the cylindrical link arms. When the chain is bent the radius is limited to a fixed desired value at which contact occurs between the links at their outer radius. The radius (R) of the cable forerunner (chain) is determined by the gap between the links of the chain. its outer radius and length in accordance with the formula 1/2R=&Dgr;/r, which is to be further explained in the following description. As a result of said property the cable forerunner can guide the cable directly through straight slots in the stator and be formed into the desired arc between two slots at the coil end part of the stator. The radius of a bent chain can be varied by varying the gap between links designed in accordance with an embodiment as described below.
The invention thus comprises a special cable forerunner designed with a number of links connected by joints, and the distance between the links can be adjusted to define a minimum radius of curvature for the cable forerunner. The cable forerunner is thus rigid at its limit radius but otherwise behaves in substantially the same manner as a rope.
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ABB AB
Dykema Gossett PLLC
Enad Elvin
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