Burner of a vehicle heater

Details Burner of a vehicle heater Burner of a vehicle heater

1995-12-01

1998-01-13

Jones, Larry

Combustion

Burner having electrical heater or igniter

Adjacent exposed liquid fuel surface on fuel support

431329, 237 123C, F23Q 300

Patent

active

057072272

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention pertains to a burner of a vehicle heater and in particular to a burner where liquid fuel is evaporated by a porous lining in a combustion chamber and a glow plug ignites the fuel.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The ignition of the fuel in a combustion chamber causes very harsh and adverse conditions which can cause a glow plug to deteriorate. Also byproducts of combustion can accumulate on a glow plug causing fouling and blocking the glow plug from igniting the fuel. In the combustion chamber conditions progresses from being almost completely full of liquid fuel, to varying fuel air mixtures, to partial combustion, to full combustion and then to full exhaust. The position of the glow plug is therefore of very great significance for ignition in such burners to avoid deterioration and fouling of the glow plug and still ignite the fuel or fuel-air mixture.


SUMMARY AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

The basic object of the present invention is to design the burner such that favorable conditions are created for the ignition, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, the glow plug is protected from adverse effects caused by the conditions prevailing in the combustion chamber, especially concerning the exposure to flame and dirt accumulation.
To accomplish this object, the burner is characterized according to the present invention in that an end area of the combustion chamber, which is opposite the discharge of the hot gas, is provided with an essentially cylindrical wall and a combustion chamber bottom. A lining is provided for the bottom of the combustion chamber and the lining is also provided for at least an adjoining part of the length of a wall of the combustion chamber. A glow area of the glow plug is arranged in a recessed space of the lining, wherein the recessed space is in connection with the interior of the combustion chamber via an open passage.
Due to the fact that the glow area of the glow plug is positioned in a recessed space of the lining, a ready-to-ignite fuel-air mixture is formed in the immediate vicinity of the glow area due to the evaporation of fuel. Since the glow area of the glow plug is not located simply freely in the interior of the combustion chamber, it is spared the direct exposure to the adverse effects of the aforementioned type from the interior of the combustion chamber. In addition, the burner can be manufactured in an especially favorable manner concerning the environment of the glow plug.
The open passage between the recessed space and the interior of the combustion chamber shall be large enough for the ignition of the fuel-air mixture to be able to readily propagate into the interior of the combustion chamber. On the other hand, the passage should not be too large, in order to achieve a protective sealing of the recessed space in the intended manner. The open passage preferably has a cross-section area of 0.5% to 10% and preferably 1% to 5% of the area of the bottom of the combustion chamber to achieve these goals.
Especially favorable conditions are obtained concerning the manufacture and the position of the glow area of the glow plug if the glow plug is arranged essentially in a tangential direction in relation to the wall of the combustion chamber. However, this is only a preferred manner of arrangement; other arrangements are also possible, without therefore being less desirable in achieving the object.
The lining preferably has a combustion chamber bottom lining part and an essentially cylindrical combustion chamber wall lining part joining it with a front surface. Metal netting or metal fabric is an especially suitable material for the combustion chamber bottom lining part and ceramic is an especially suitable material for the combustion chamber wall lining part. The recessed space can be prepared especially favorably by not mating the combustion chamber bottom lining part completely in a disk-shaped manner, but making it, compared with this, without lining material in a limited area of the disk. This omission of material app

REFERENCES:
patent: 4530658 (1985-07-01), Panick
patent: 4632306 (1986-12-01), Bleeker et al.
patent: 4818219 (1989-04-01), Widemann et al.
patent: 5082175 (1992-01-01), Koch et al.

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