Furnaces – Utilizing powdered fuel
Patent
1983-06-14
1985-10-15
Yuen, Henry C.
Furnaces
Utilizing powdered fuel
110264, 110265, F23G 700, F24D 102
Patent
active
045467102
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a burner head for the combustion of solid fuels, primarily such solid fuels as, for example, wood chips, straw, peat or coal, but also other solid fuels can be used.
At the combustion of solid fuels of the aforesaid kind, the combustion normally takes place openly, i.e. with free air access to the fireplace. It is further usual at the combustion of material such as chips, straw and peat to transport the material upward by means of a conveyor to an upwardly/outwardly widening combustion vessel where the combustion takes place with free air access to the vessel. Such combustion implies that the combustion in most cases is incomplete and, therefore, uncombusted gases develop and are removed. Known installations, moreover, are relatively bulky.
The present invention solves these problems, because a substantially complete combustion takes place by means of the burner head, which besides is relatively small.
It has been desired to be able to fire conventional boilers in one-family houses with the solid fuels stated above. The burner head according to the invention is extremely well suited for such boilers.
The present invention, thus, relates to a burner head for combusting solid fuels such as straw, peat, chips, coal etc., comprising a charging opening for the fuel and a discharge opening for flue gases. The invention is characterized in that the burner head comprises two pipes located concentrically to each other, where the gap between the pipes is intended to communicate with a supply source for combustion air and communicates with the interior of the inner pipe via apertures in the wall of said pipe, and a plurality of apertures are located some distance from the charging opening to form a first combustion zone, at which the fuel is intended to be combusted incompletely, and a plurality of apertures are located some distance from said firstmentioned apertures and closer to the discharge opening to form a second combustion zone, at which incompletely combusted gases from the first combustion zone are intended to be combusted completely.
The invention is described in greater detail in the following, with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which an embodiment is shown.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-section of a burner head according to the invention,
FIG. 2 shows an installation, in which the burner head is used, and
FIG. 3 shows different alternative locations of the burner head relative to the horizontal plane.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-section of a burner head 1 and an associated charging means 2. As example a solid fuel 3, such as straw, is shown schematically.
The burner head 1 preferably is placed in a boiler 4 or the like, see FIG. 2, which is indicated also in FIG. 1 by means of a section of the front wall 5 of the boiler 4.
The burner head 1 comprises two pipes 6,7 located concentrically to each other. The gap 8 between the pipes 6,7 communicates with a supply source for combustion air via a channel 9, which in the rear portion of the burner head is connected to a space 10 with annular cross-section between the pipes 6,7 at the charging opening 11 of the burner head 1.
The gap 8 further communicates with the interior of the inner pipe 7 via apertures in the wall of the pipe 7. Said apertures are located in at least and preferably two places along the longitudinal axis of the burner head 1, whereby at least two combustion zones are formed in the burner head 1.
According to a preferred embodiment a plurality of apertures in the form of a series of holes are located some distance from the charging opening 11 to form a first combustion zone. The holes 12,13 are placed uniformly along the periphery of the inner pipe 7 in one or several groups. In FIG. 1 two groups 12,13 of such holes are shown, which groups cover a large part of the circumference of the inner pipe 7. There are further provided a plurality of apertures in the form of holes 14 some distance from said firstmentioned holes 12,13 and closer to the discharge opening 15 of the burner head to form a second combustio
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patent: 4096808 (1978-06-01), Trickel
patent: 4147116 (1979-04-01), Graybill
patent: 4252069 (1981-02-01), McCartney
patent: 4304196 (1981-12-01), Chadshay et al.
patent: 4351251 (1982-09-01), Brashears
Euronom AB
Yuen Henry C.
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