Combustion – Flame holder having protective flame enclosing or flame... – Tubular member delineates flame
Patent
1974-07-26
1976-11-09
O'Dea, William F.
Combustion
Flame holder having protective flame enclosing or flame...
Tubular member delineates flame
431 79, 431183, 431158, 175 12, F23D 1502
Patent
active
039908356
ABSTRACT:
A technique is described for igniting the oil shale rubble pile in an in situ oil shale retort. A gas-air burner is lowered through a hole to a plenum over the oil shale to be ignited. An excess of air is passed through the hole and around the burner so that it is kept cool as the flame from it impinges on the rubble pile and the air also provides oxygen for combustion of carbonaceous material in the shale. Preferably the burner is in a cylindrical housing having a refractory exit nozzle at its lower end so that a hot flame is ejected downwardly. Air is brought to the inlet of the nozzle through an outer feed tube in the housing and coaxial therewith. Combustible gas is introduced through an inner axial feed tube which terminates short of the inlet end of the nozzle in a mixing chamber. A mixing orifice is provided between the mixing chamber and the nozzle for thorough mixing of the gas and inhibition of travel of the flame back into the burner. A pair of ignitors downstream from the orifice ignite the gas mixture and the presence of a flame is detected by an ultraviolet sensor mounted for viewing axially through the inner feed tube.
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O'Dea William F.
Occidental Petroleum Corporation
Yuen Henry C.
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