Burner

Details Burner Burner

1999-01-05

2000-02-01

Yeung, James C.

Combustion

Fuel disperser installed in furnace

Plural feed means extending to common wall opening of furnace

431187, 431284, 431353, 239422, 2394245, F23C 508

Patent

active

060195959

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a burner for the mixing and combustion of at least two combustion media.
In the case of such burners use can more particularly be made of combustion air and a poor or lean gas as the combustible gas. The burner comprises several burner nozzles, in each case a tube, which for the supply of a combustion medium extends to a combustion chamber and an inflow device for the other combustion medium can be provided at the combustion chamber-side end of the tube.
Such a burner is known from U.S. Pat. No. 5,267,850, which describes a burner system and a combustion process for high temperature applications. At one burner nozzle of the burner, a central high speed fuel flow is produced, which is annularly surrounded by a low speed flow.
Another burner used in connection with the hot gas producer is known from DE 42 08 951 C2. For the supply of one combustion medium the known burner has tubes, whose free ends are surrounded by the outlet nozzles for the inflow of a second combustion medium. This known arrangement leads to a very good complete combustion result in the case of a short burner flame. However, it is desirable to further improve the known burner with respect to the degree of complete combustion and the flame length.
The object of the invention is to provide a burner which, in the case of a short flame, also ensures a very complete combustion of combustion media even with very low calorific values.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by a burner nozzle provided with at least three mutually coaxially arranged tubes, namely an inner, core tube, an outer tube and at least one intermediate tube positioned between them. The tubes are radially spaced for forming annular clearance ducts, through which combustion media can be passed into the combustion chamber.
With this burner nozzle construction which, apart from the central core tube opening, has at least two annular clearance openings, the flame at the burner nozzle can be adjusted in virtually any desired manner. Thus, in accordance with the number of openings, it is possible to use more than two combustion media with different pressures. The at least three burner nozzle openings arranged concentrically to one another also ensure an intense mixing of the combustion media and consequently a particularly large combustion surface. This leads to a short flame and a very good degree of complete combustion. The stepped, axial arrangement of the tubes consequently ensures a mixing of the gases displaced as regards time and place in an optimum manner.
An advantage of the burner according to the invention is the possibility of operating it with so-called lean or poor gas, i.e. a combustible gas with a relatively low caloric value. With the hitherto known burners it was possible to achieve a spontaneous combustion with poor gases having a caloric value of at least approximately 2500 kJ/m.sup.3 (standard state). Tests have shown that with the burner according to the invention, even when using poor gases with a caloric value of approximately 1900 kJ/m.sup.3 (standard state), there is an independent combustion process. Thus, there is no need for additional burners with a high-grade combustible gas.
A particularly good combustion result is achieved through the tubes extending to a varying extent into the combustion chamber. Thus, the burner nozzle tubes have a stepped arrangement. The burner nozzle openings are mutually displaced in the axial direction of the tubes. This leads to a mixing of the different gaseous combustion media in place and time-displaced manner, which leads to a particularly good mixing of the media.
It is advantageous for the outer tube to extend further into the combustion chamber than the intermediate tube. Thus, the outer tube forms a lateral boundary of the burner nozzle, so that the influence of neighbouring burner nozzles on the mixing process is substantially avoided.
According to an advantageous embodiment, the core tube extends further into the combustion chamber th

REFERENCES:
patent: 3706520 (1972-12-01), Grimm et al.
patent: 4169700 (1979-10-01), Yoshioka et al.
patent: 4383820 (1983-05-01), Camacho
patent: 4402666 (1983-09-01), Glomm et al.
patent: 4602571 (1986-07-01), Chadshay
patent: 5044931 (1991-09-01), Van Eerden et al.
patent: 5267850 (1993-12-01), Kobayashi et al.
patent: 5308239 (1994-05-01), Bazarian et al.

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