Pipes and tubular conduits – Combined – With trench
Patent
1986-03-11
1988-04-05
Bryant, III, James E.
Pipes and tubular conduits
Combined
With trench
138103, 138172, 138178, 138100, 138155, F16L 102
Patent
active
047352345
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a buried conduit of large cross-section, especially in transverse cross-section, the latter being capable, for example, of amounting to several square meters.
PRIOR ART
Buried conduits have been made of masonry, concrete, or metal sheet for a very long time, but, in general, these conduits, intended, for example, for sanitation systems, have been of relatively small size, generally less than 1 m.sup.2.
However, it is sometimes necessary to construct buried conduits of larger size, which can go up to several square meters in cross-section, for example to channel a river or a passageway under a highway enbankment, or to construct high-throughput sewers or culverts; many such applications can be envisaged. In most cases, these conduits are constructed in masonry or in concrete which is cast in situ.
However, the Applicant Company has already proposed a large cross-section conduit, described in European Patent Application published under No. 81,402. This conduit, consisting of several associated cylindrical components, and usually made of reinforced concrete, is sufficiently rigid to withstand the forces transmitted by the backfill or by the fluid flowing inside it, under pressure if appropriate.
However, when buried conduits are constructed, it may be advantageous to use semi-rigid, or even relatively flexible structures, in which, by virtue of a slight distortion of the conduit under the effect of the loads to which it is subjected, it is possible to relieve the upper part of the vault by partially transmitting the forces to the side parts, which bear on the adjacent ground. Until now such flexible conduits have been made of metal sheet, generally corrugated. Now, in the case of structures which are intended to be in use for many years, a metal sheet may not have sufficient corrosion resistance and, furthermore, in the case of conduits for conveying liquids, the corrugations which are required to reinforce the mechanical strength of the wall, reduce the flow efficiency of the fluid. This is why it is advantageous, especially in the case of large crosssection conduits, to make use of a reinforced concrete structure.
The document DE-A-2,461,863 describes a buried reinforced concrete conduit consisting of three components, a bottom and two side walls respectively, jointed onto each other to form a circular cross-section, the joints being places one at the crown and the other two on either side of the median plane. Such a construction offers some possibility of distortion, but also a risk that the joints may slide. In addition, in the case of large cross-section conduits, it may be quite difficult to lay the various components of the conduit.
SUBJECT AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The subject of the invention is a new type of prefabricated conduit which, while offering a flexibility comparable to that of metal conduits, has the advantage of being capable of being made of reinforced concrete and, at the same time, being easy to lay, even when large in cross-section.
Such a conduit, according to the invention, consists, in transverse cross-section, of two superposed components, a lower component comprising a flat-bottomed base raised at its edges by two substantially vertical side walls, and a covering upper component which bears on the top part of the side walls of the lower component by means of lengthwise bearing members arranged along the adjacent rectilinear edges of the two components and placed in a joint plane parallel to the bottom of the base, respectively.
In accordance with the invention, the upper component forms an arched vault made so as to have sufficient flexibility to distort slightly under the effect of the forces to which it is subjected, and the lower component is made so as to withstand, without distortion, the forces transmitted by the ground and by the top component, both components being fixed to each other along the lengthwise bearing members and the latter consisting of socket joints, so as to permit the bearing parts of the di
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