Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – With exposed configuration having acoustical function
Patent
1994-10-07
1996-04-02
Smith, Creighton
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
With exposed configuration having acoustical function
181290, E04B 182
Patent
active
055029310
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention generally relates to a building element, and the invention is more particularly concerned with a structural or a non-structural building element having improved sound damping and vibration damping properties and being of the known type formed as an integral building unit and composed by two superimposed plate like structural parts having therebetween spaced thin strings or strips of a viscoelastic material.
By damping properties is meant, in the following, both sound damping properties and vibration damping properties, and the invention is intended to damp both low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency sound and vibration. In house building by means of modern building material like concrete, gypsum boards, light weight concrete blocks, different types of plastic materials, but also by means of timber, building board, chip board and other types of wooden material there are often problems in that sounds, vibrations etc. transmit from one apartment to another, both vertically and horizontally, not only by vibrations etc. in the material itself but also by air borne sounds and vibrations. Therefore the invention is concerned with a structural or non-structural building element for use as a sound and vibration damping building element in house building, like in floors, walls, ceilings etc.
Sound and vibration transportation also causes the same type of problems in many types of apparatus like in telephone boxes, in loud speakers, in motor cars, in air planes, in ships, in motor hoods, in refrigerators etc.
Thus, by building material is meant any type of material which can be used as floor structures, wall structures, ceiling structures etc. in ordinary house building, and also for the manufacture of any other types of objects where there is a wish to take advantage of the sound damping or the vibration damping properties of the building element according to the invention or of both the sound damping and the vibration damping properties thereof.
A dampening structural element of the above mentioned type is known for instance from the British patent No 1,514,516 which element comprises two superimposed support elements like two metal plates, concrete slabs, plaster sheets or wooden fibre sheets having between said elements discontinuously extending strips or grids of a viscoelastic material presenting air spaces between said strips or grids.
In the manufacture of said known type of structural element there is used a sheet of viscoelastic material which is on both sides covered with glue or an adhesive material, for instance a double sticking tape. For obtaining the intermediate strips of viscoelastic material of the product said composite viscoelastic sheet is cut into strips which are thereafter placed spaced from each other on a first support element, whereafter the second support element is laid down over said first support element having mounted thereon said spaced strips of viscoelastic material.
The cutting of the viscoelastic composite sheet material is complicated, both in that the cutting knife or roller knife easily sticks to the glue material; generally it is necessary to freeze the viscoelastic material in order to make it practically possible to cut it into strips; the known viscoelastic materials often are too hard to give a particularly good damping effect; the method is labour consuming and time consuming; there is often a risk that the composite structural element held together by the three-layer viscoelastic material, including both the damping strip itself and also the two glue or tape layers, is delaminated, which is in particular a problem in using the structural element in walls and ceilings.
The object of the invention therefore has been to suggest a structural composite element of the above mentioned type with previously known damping elements of the art; labour; joint between such elements; connection between the two supporting element parts and for providing the particularly good damping effect; desired plate sizes; interactively covering large surface area
REFERENCES:
patent: 2326581 (1943-08-01), Van Cleef
patent: 3215225 (1965-11-01), Kirschner
patent: 3424270 (1969-01-01), Hartman et al.
patent: 3472472 (1969-10-01), Maestrello
patent: 4487793 (1984-12-01), Haine, Jr. et al.
patent: 4709781 (1987-12-01), Scherzer
patent: 5258585 (1993-11-01), Juriga
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