Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – With synthetic resinous component – Foam
Reexamination Certificate
1995-11-29
2001-08-14
Friedman, Carl D. (Department: 3635)
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
With synthetic resinous component
Foam
C052S309700, C052S309120, C052S309140, C052S309170, C052S410000, C052S446000, C052S454000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06272805
ABSTRACT:
The invention relates to a building element consisting of two parallel welded wire grid mats with square or rectangular meshes, of web wires which hold the wire grid mats at a predetermined distance apart, extend obliquely to the wire grid mats, and are joined at each end to the two wire grid mats, and of a one-piece insulating body which is arranged between and at predetermined distances from the wire grid mats and through which the wire grids pass, wherein the web wires are arranged in parallel rows between the wires of the wire grid mats.
From U.S. Pat. No. 4,500,763, Schmidt et al., to which AT-PS 372 886 corresponds, a method and an apparatus for producing a building element of this kind are known. For this purpose two lengths of wire grid are first brought into a parallel position at a distance apart corresponding to the desired thickness of the grid body which is to be produced. An insulating body is inserted into the gap between the lengths of wire grid, at a distance from each of the lengths of wire grid. Obviously, to permit such insertion, the insulating body must be made available, that is, it is premanufactured or prefabricated. Web wires are passed through one of the two lengths of wire grid into the gap between the latter and the insulating body, in such a manner that each web wire comes to lie close to a grid wire of each of the two lengths of wire grid, whereupon the web wires are welded to the grid wires of the lengths of wire grid. Finally, the building elements of appropriate length are separated off from the grid body produced in this manner.
A similar building element is known from British Patent GB 2 234 276, which relates to a lightweight building panel that comprises two parallel wire grid mats, a plurality of straight web wires joining the two wire grid mats, layers of mortar that enclose the two wire grid mats, and a core located between the mortar layers. The core is either inserted into the finished grid body between the layers of mortar applied in the region of the wire grid mats or is thrust from the side into the grid body or, before the grid body is manufactured is inserted in the production system for the grid body between the two wire grid mats, with the aid of spacers.
From U.S. Pat. No. 3,305,991 a building element is known which consists of a three-dimensional grid body in which a one-piece insulating body is formed in situ by foaming. The grid body comprises two wire grid mats which are arranged at a distance from one another and which are joined by means of zigzag web wires. On the building site the building element is provided with a coating of concrete of mortar on each of its two cover surfaces. It is here a disadvantage that because of the complicated production process a modification of the shape and dimensions of the building element, particularly for the purpose of adaptation to different static requirements, is possible only with difficulty, and that only materials which can be foamed in situ can be used as material for the insulating body. It is also a disadvantage that the web wires can be connected at their wave crests to the grid wires only at one point in each case.
From U.S. Pat. No. 4 104 842 a building element is known whose three-dimensional grid body likewise comprises two wire grid mats arranged at a distance from one another, together with web wires of a zigzag configuration which join together the wire grid mats. On the inner side of at least one wire grid mat, spaced apart from the latter, a cover layer of building paper is applied to serve as limiting layer for the concrete shell subsequently to be applied. If two cover layers are used, a cavity which can subsequently be filled with material is formed in the interior of the building element. Here again a disadvantage is the complicated production process, which makes it difficult to modify the shape and dimensions of the building element, and also the fact that the materials for the insulating body are restricted to substances which must be pourable or flowable in order to be able to fill the cavity which is formed in the building element and through which the zigzag web wires pass. It is in addition a disadvantage that the web wires are connected at their wave crests to the grid wires only at one point in each case.
The problem underlying the invention is that of providing a building element which is optimally suitable for use in the industry of the type indicated in the preamble above, and which can be produced in a simple manner and can quickly be adapted to various static requirements. The building element should at the same time permit the selection of different materials for the insulating body and facilitate the application of the concrete layer at the site where the building element is to be used. The building element according to the invention is distinguished in that both wire grid mats are formed with a mesh side length in the range from 50 to 100 mm, as known per se, as building element reinforcement mats for shells to be applied to them and comprising, on at least one side of the building element, load-bearing material; that the grid mat wires have a diameter in the range from 2 to 6 mm, while conversely the web wires, preferably provided with an anti-corrosion layer, have a larger diameter, by comparison with the grid mat wires, in the range from 3 to 7 mm and form shear reinforcement elements; that the distances of the web wires from one another in the direction of the grid mat longitudinal wires and the grid mat cross wires are a multiple of the spacing of the grid mat meshes, where preferably from 50 to 200 web wires per square meter are provided; that the insulating body is embodied as a dimensionally stable body and, as known per se, is held between the wire grid mats solely by the web wires that pass through them and that extend, inclined alternately in opposite directions, in trelliswork fashion in each row of web wires; and that in at least one cover surface
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of the insulating body, a plurality of depressions are formed, or the cover surface is provided with a plaster base grid.
The combination of characteristics according to the invention offers the substantial advantage over the prior art that the building element according to the invention is optimally dimensioned and suitable for practical use, since both grid mats of the building element are formed as reinforcement mats for load-bearing shells, because the web wires that have larger diameters than the grid mat wires form shear reinforcement elements, and because the insulating body, embodied as a dimensionally stable body, is not only secured in its predetermined position against unintended motion under the rough conditions of building construction, but is also prepared for good bonding to the outer shells to be applied to the building element. The building element according to the invention can easily be adapted to different static requirements.
In comparison with the known building elements having zigzag wires and only one weld point in the region of the wave crest, the building element according to the invention has the advantage that the web wires are in the form of individual wires and therefore two weld points exist in the region of the connection to the grid mat wires, so that static safety is practically doubled.
It should also be noted that U.S. Pat. No. 3,879,908 discloses a modular building element that has a grid body, a multiple-piece insulating body inside the grid body, and a layer of material for fixing the insulating body parts inside the grid body. The grid body is composed of striplike substructures, which are each formed of an upper and lower longitudinal wire as well as reinforcement wires extending between them either obliquely or at right angles to the longitudinal wires; the longitudinal wires of the individual substructures are joined together with the aid of cross wires located at right angles to the longitudinal wires. The individual parts of the insulating body are inserted into the gaps formed by the substructures. The insulating cores can comprise solid
Ritter Gerhard
Ritter Klaus
EVG Entwicklungs- u. Verwertungs- Gesellschaft m.b.H.
Friedman Carl D.
Frishauf, Holtz Goodman, Langer & Chick, P.C.
Horton Yvonne M.
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