Miscellaneous active electrical nonlinear devices – circuits – and – Signal converting – shaping – or generating – Current driver
Reexamination Certificate
2000-10-24
2002-04-02
Tran, Toan (Department: 2816)
Miscellaneous active electrical nonlinear devices, circuits, and
Signal converting, shaping, or generating
Current driver
C327S435000, C327S389000, C326S083000, C326S116000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06366142
ABSTRACT:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application claims the priority benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. 11-309541, filed Oct. 29, 1999, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein of reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the invention
The invention relates to a buffer circuit, which is used as an output buffer or a clock buffer of a semiconductor integrated circuit (IC).
2. Description of the Related Art
Details of a prior buffer circuit is disclosed in a Japanese translation by Kanno and Sakaki of the first edition of “An Introduction to VLSI System” at pages 21-22, authored by C. Code and L. Conway, and published by Baifukan on Jun. 30, 1981.
FIG. 2
is a circuit diagram of a buffer circuit
100
that is illustrated in the above-mentioned publication.
Generally, a GaAs MES FET is widely used in ICs as a Schottky gate FET because of its characteristics of high speed and high integration. The buffer circuit
100
shown in
FIG. 2
is used in an output part of an IC having GaAs MES FETs, and outputs a binary operation signal Sout, which corresponds to an input signal Sin applied from an internal circuit of the IC, to an unillustrated circuit connected to a output terminal OUT The buffer circuit
100
include two enhancement type FETs
1
,
3
and two depletion type FETs
2
,
4
an input terminal IN and the output terminal OUT. The gate of the FET
1
is connected to the input terminal IN which receives the input signal Sin, and the source is connected to ground GND.
The source and the gate of the FET
2
are connected to the drain of the FET
1
at a voltage setting node N
1
, and the drain is connected to a power supply voltage VD. The FET
2
acts as a load element against the FET
1
.
The gate of the FET
3
is connected to the node N
1
, and the source of the FET
3
is connected to ground GND. The drain of the FET
3
is connected to the output terminal OUT.
The source of the FET
4
is connected to the drain of the FET
3
, and the drain of the FET
4
is connected to the power supply voltage VD. Since the gate of the FET
4
is connected to the input terminal IN, the condition of a current path in the FET
4
is
1
s changed in response to the voltage of the input signal Sin.
The operation of the buffer circuit
100
shown in
FIG. 2
is explained below. As an initial status, when the voltage level of the input signal Sin at the input terminal IN is at an L (low) level, the FET
1
is in a first condition that the current is not easily passed through a transistor because a high resistance value is applied between the source and drain of the FET
1
. On the other hand, the FET
2
is in a second condition that the current is easily passed through a transistor because a low resistance value is applied between the source and drain of the FET
2
. Therefore, the voltage level at the node N
1
is the supply voltage level approximately. Further, since a resistance value between the source and drain of the FET
3
becomes lower, the FET
3
is in the second condition. Moreover, since a resistance value between the source and drain of the FET
4
becomes lower in response to the low level input signal Sin, the FET
4
is in the second condition. However, comparing the resistance value of the FET
3
with that of the FET
4
, the resistance value of the FET
3
is lower than that of the FET
4
. Therefore, since the output terminal OUT is electrically connected to ground GND, the voltage level of the operation signal Sout at the output terminal OUT is at the L level.
When the voltage level of the input signal Sin is changed from the L level to the H (high) level, the FET
1
becomes the second condition, and the current is more easily passed through the FET
4
because its resistance value becomes lower in response to the H level input signal Sin. Since the voltage at the node N
1
begins to fall when the FET
1
is in the second condition, the gate voltage of the FET
3
also begins to fall. Further, since the output terminal OUT is electrically connected to the power supply voltage VD through the FET
4
when the current is more easily passed through the FET
4
, the voltage at the output terminal OUT begins to rise. When the voltage at the node N
1
becomes less than the threshold voltage of the FET
3
, the FET
3
is in the first condition. Then, since the rise in the voltage at the output terminal OUT is accelerated, the voltage level of the output terminal OUT rises to the H level. Therefore, the operation signal Sout having the H level is output from the output terminal OUT
Then, when the voltage level of the input signal Sin is changed from the H level to the L level, the FET
1
becomes the first condition, and the current is not easily passed through the FET
4
again. Since the voltage at the node N
1
begins to rise when the FET
1
is in the first condition, the gate voltage of the FET
3
also begins to rise. Further, the output terminal OUT is electrically disconnected from the power supply voltage VD when the current is not easily passed through the FET
4
. When the voltage at the node N
1
exceeds the threshold voltage of the FET
3
, the FET
3
becomes the second condition. Then, since the output terminal OUT is electrically connected to ground GND through the FET
3
, the voltage level of the output terminal OUT falls to the L level. Therefore, the operation signal Sout having the L level is output from the output terminal OUT.
In the buffer circuit shown in
FIG. 2
, when a large voltage amplitude of the operation signal Sout should be obtained, it has been considered to apply a high voltage to the gate of the FET
4
in order to increase the conductance of the FET
4
. However, the voltage of the input signal Sin that indicate the H level, which is applied to the gate of the FET
4
, is clamped at about 0.7 V, which voltage is determined by a current that flows from the gate of the FET
1
to ground GND through the source of the FET
1
. In this buffer circuit, since it is difficult to apply a high voltage to the gate of the FET
4
, the desirable voltage amplitude can not be obtained. Therefore, to obtain an operation signal Sout with a large voltage amplitude, the width of the FET
3
should be adjusted. However, other problems, for example, circuit design restrictions may occur.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An objective of the invention is to resolve the above-described problem and to provide a buffer circuit, which outputs an operation signal having a large voltage amplitude.
The objective is achieved by a buffer circuit having an input and output terminals, which includes a first Schottky gate transistor connected between a voltage setting node and ground, a load device connected between a power supply and the voltage setting node, a second Schottky gate transistor connected between the output terminal and ground, the gate of the second Schottky gate transistor being connected to the voltage setting node, a third Schottky gate transistor connected between the output terminal and the power supply, the gate of the third Schottky gate transistor being connected to the input terminal, a resistor means connected the gate of the first Schottky gate transistor and input terminal for increasing a voltage level applied to the gate of the third Schottky gate transistor.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3655996 (1972-04-01), Takahashi
patent: 4264829 (1981-04-01), Misaizu
patent: 4296339 (1981-10-01), Murotani
patent: 4412139 (1983-10-01), Horninger
patent: 4477741 (1984-10-01), Moser, Jr.
patent: 4746824 (1988-05-01), Magome et al.
patent: 4757478 (1988-07-01), Ducourant et al.
patent: 4844563 (1989-07-01), MacMillan et al.
patent: 5336949 (1994-08-01), Mimura
patent: 5592108 (1997-01-01), Tsukahara
patent: 02166829 (1990-06-01), None
patent: 2-166829 (1990-06-01), None
Mimura Junichi
Nguyen Long
Oki Electric Industry Co. Ltd.
Tran Toan
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