Broadband TEM-horn antenna

Communications: radio wave antennas – Antennas – Wave guide type

Patent

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Details

343776, H01Q 1300

Patent

active

060754958

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to compact broadband TEM-horn antennas capable of multi-octave bandwidth and narrow beam operation for communication and high field applications at low, medium and high power levels.
Applicant's PCT application WO 93/03387, published Feb. 18, 1993 teaches a broadband antenna having a similar basic structure.
Some versions of the improved antenna of this application operate at a significantly higher frequency range due to the lack of internal obstructions arising from an unsupported septum and various regions of absorbent material positioned at the mouth of the horn and around the septum.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the antenna of this invention;
FIGS. 1A and 1B show different forms of coupling to the antenna;
FIG. 2 shows an exploded view of another embodiment of the antenna of this invention;
FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3A shows sectional views of the antenna of FIG. 3;
FIG. 3B shows a side view of the antenna of FIG. 3;
FIG. 4 shows a signal feed arrangement for the antenna of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of broadband TEM-horn antenna capable of multi-octave bandwidth and narrow beam operation at frequencies higher than 1 GHz for communication, Electronic Warfare and EMC testing applications at low and medium power levels;
FIG. 6 shows the perspective view of the broadband TEM-horn antenna of FIG. 5 with one of the horn antenna walls removed in order to show the septum and horn absorbers;
FIG. 7 shows a cut through the perspective view of the broadband TEM-horn antenna of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the broadband TEM-horn antenna capable of multi-octave bandwidth and narrow beam operation at frequencies higher than 1 GHz for communication, Electronic Warfare and EMC testing applications at high power levels;
FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of the broadband TEM-horn antenna of FIG. 8 with one of the horn antenna walls removed in order to show the septum and horn absorbers; and
FIG. 10 shows a cut through the perspective view of the broadband TEM-horn antenna of FIG. 8.
FIG. 1 shows an antenna in accordance with the invention consisting of a rectangular horn containing a conducting septum that is located off the geometrical center of the horn. The horn is loaded with dielectric material which at the horn aperture is shaped to form a lens. A pair of forwardly extending plates (septum extension and ground extension) provides a low frequency radiating arrangement and appropriate low frequency termination of the septum. To assure broadband operation of the antenna, the input signals are supplied through striplines or coaxial lines.
Specifically, the antenna consists of two abutting wedge-shaped dielectric members 10 and 11. The side and outer surfaces of each dielectric member are metallized as shown at 12. Member 11 has a wedge angle 13 greater than the wedge angle 14 of member 10. At least one of the abutting inner surfaces of the wedge-shaped members is metallized to form an isolated conductor 15, spaced from the side walls of the horn and functioning as a conducting septum. Due to the unequal wedge angles of members 10 and 11 the septum is asymmetrically positioned in the horn. The curved front surfaces of members 10 and 11 cooperate to provide a lens element to form the horn output into a parallel beam.
A downwardly curved conducting member 16 extends forwardly from the end of the lower conducting surface of the horn and a similar but upwardly curved conducting member 17 extends forwardly from the end of the septum. Terminating resistors 18 connect the free end of member 17 to the upper conducting surface of the horn.
FIGS. 1A and 1B show alternative structures for connecting power to the antenna. In FIG. 1A a stripline 20 is positioned with one conductor connected to an outer conducting surface of the horn and the other conductor connected to the septum 15. In FIG. 1B a coaxial line 21 has its central conductor connected to the septum 15 and t

REFERENCES:
patent: 3611396 (1971-10-01), Jones, Jr.
patent: 4546358 (1985-10-01), Edlin et al.
patent: 4571593 (1986-02-01), Martinson
patent: 4811028 (1989-03-01), Bryanos
patent: 5440316 (1995-08-01), Podgorski et al.

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