Surgery – Respiratory method or device – Respiratory gas supply means enters mouth or tracheotomy...
Patent
1990-09-18
1991-08-06
Burr, Edgar S.
Surgery
Respiratory method or device
Respiratory gas supply means enters mouth or tracheotomy...
12820312, 12820325, 12820525, A61M 1604
Patent
active
050368478
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a breathing aid which can be used on patients whose spontaneous respiration is absent or insufficient, whether they are under artificial respiration or not.
2. Description of Related Art
Different devices are known, such as masks, probes or oral, nasal, endotracheal, tracheotomic cannulae for providing the junction between the artificial respiration and/or anaesthetic appliance and the breathing system of a patient. Such devices, essentially in the form of tubes, depending on the case, may comprise immobilization means such as lugs or collars close to the proximal end for maintaining them on the mouth or nose of the patient, or else inflatable balloons close to the distal end for maintaining them in the trachea by friction.
Known devices have considerable drawbacks. Thus, for example, when a tube of known type is disconnected from the artificial breathing device and when the patient requires oxygen enriched air, it is necessary to introduce into said tube a probe connected to a source of oxygen. Furthermore, in the case of insufficient spontaneous respiration, the patient must necessarily remain connected to the breathing appliance until his spontaneous respiration is completely restored.
Thus, to overcome such drawbacks, breathing aids have already been proposed which, in addition to the main channel formed by the tube, comprise at least an auxiliary channel, formed for example in the wall of said tube, for injecting a breathable gas jet (oxygen, air or air-oxygen mixture) for ventilating the patient, this auxiliary channel opening into the main channel close to the distal end thereof.
However, such breathing aids with auxiliary breathable gas injection channels have the major drawback that said breathable gas jet strikes the mucous membrane directly, so that it is traumatized.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The main object of the present invention is to overcome this drawback. For this, according to the invention, the breathing aid comprising a tube which forms the main channel and which is intended to be connected by its distal end to a breathing tract of a patient so that said main channel connects the breathing system of said patient to the outside, said device comprising in addition at least one auxiliary channel for injecting a breathable gas jet for ventilating said patient and opening into said main channel close to the distal end thereof, is remarkable in that at least the distal end of said auxiliary channel opening into the main channel is parallel thereto and in that, opposite the distal orifice of said auxiliary channel, means are provided for deflecting said breathable ventilation gas jet towards the inside of said main channel.
Thus, the pressurized breathable gas jet passing through said auxiliary channel is deflected towards the axis of the main channel, when it penetrates therein. Downstream of said deflection means, i.e. inside the main channel, the pressure of said breathable gas jet drops and the jet leaves at low pressure through the distal orifice of the tube. Experience shows that downstream of the distal outlet of the tube, the pressure is low and kept constant in the whole breathing space. This pressure depends on the breathable gas flow in the auxiliary channels.
Consequently, with the breathing aid in accordance with the invention, it is for example possible to supply oxygen and an air-oxygen mixture directly into the lungs, at the height of the carina and thus eliminate the dead space which exists in present day probes and which is about a third of the total breathing volume for an adult and about half for premature newly-born children.
Elimination of this dead space corresponds to an increase in performance of the breathing cycle of more than 25% in all cases of patients and close to 50% in some cases.
In the case where said auxiliary channel is formed in the wall of said tube, it is advantageous for said distal orifice of said auxiliary channel to be formed in a first face diverging from sai
REFERENCES:
patent: 2791217 (1955-05-01), Iskander
patent: 3859995 (1975-01-01), Colston
patent: 3881479 (1975-05-01), Carden
patent: 3915173 (1975-10-01), Brekke
patent: 4265237 (1981-05-01), Schwanbom et al.
patent: 4270530 (1981-06-01), Baum et al.
patent: 4520812 (1985-06-01), Freitag et al.
patent: 4573462 (1986-03-01), Baum
patent: 4584998 (1986-04-01), McGrail
patent: 4612929 (1986-09-01), Schubert et al.
patent: 4739756 (1988-04-01), Horn
patent: 4751924 (1988-06-01), Hammerschmidt et al.
Trang et al., Intensive Care Medicine, 13(6), No. 65, 1987 (Abstract).
Trang et al., Intensive Care Medicine, 13(6), No. 100, 1987 (Abstract).
Boussignac et al., Neonatal Respiration, No. 1150, (Abstract).
Mion et al., ASA Congress in San Francisco, Oct., 1988 (Abstract).
Isabey et al., Mechanics of Breathing II: Airways, Abstract No. 1129.
Isabey et al., "Effect of Air Entrainment on Airway Pressure During Endotracheal Gas Injection, " presented in part at the 71st annual mtg. of the FASEB in Washington, D.C., 3/29-4/2/87.
Boussignac Georges
Labrune Jean-Claude
Burr Edgar S.
Funk Stephen R.
LandOfFree
Breathing aid does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Breathing aid, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Breathing aid will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1980097