Power plants – Pressure fluid source and motor – Pulsator
Patent
1994-03-07
1995-09-12
Ryznic, John E.
Power plants
Pressure fluid source and motor
Pulsator
60562, B60T 1124, B60T 1120
Patent
active
054488885
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a Rule 371 of PCT/FR94/00173 filed on Feb. 17, 1994.
The present invention relates to a braking system of a motor vehicle, including a master cylinder intended to constitute a high-pressure source for a hydraulic fluid with which it is filled for the purpose of supplying brake motors, this master cylinder comprising first and second pressure chambers located parallel to each other and provided with first and second respective pressure outlets adjacent to one another, these chambers being essentially made up of respective cylinders in which there are housed respective pistons intended to slide simultaneously, in a first direction pointing towards the first and second outlets, to make pressures which increase simultaneously appear on these outlets.
Such braking systems are used in the prior art, the master cylinders of the type mentioned being known under the specific denomination of "parallel-master cylinders".
More generally, multiple braking circuits have been known for a long time and appreciated for the guarantees which they offer in matters of safety, compared with single-line brake systems, which any loss in hydraulic fluid may render totally inoperative.
Amongst the multiple circuits known, the most widely used are the so-called "X-split" and "front/rear-split" systems, the first being formed by two sub-circuits each of which provides braking on one diagonal of the vehicle, and the second being formed by two sub-circuits one of which provides braking on the front axle and the other on the rear axle.
Insofar as the choice of one or other of these known systems obviously results in various comprises, particularly ones of economics, each of the systems exhibits specific advantages and drawbacks.
In particular, since the braking force of a vehicle is much greater at the front than at the rear, failure of the front sub-circuit of a "front/rear-split" configured braking system impairs the braking qualities of the vehicle far more than the failure of one of the subcircuits of an "X-split" configured system.
In contrast, the stability of the vehicle is less compromised in the first case, and a "front/rear-split" configured system exhibits the additional advantage of requiring just one device for distributing the braking pressures between the front and the rear.
Document DE-A-2,415,133 discloses a master cylinder with three parallel chambers, capable of being associated with a hybrid braking circuit exhibiting the cumulated advantages of "X-split" and "front/rear-split" circuits.
However, this known master cylinder exhibits the disadvantage of requiring four pistons, of having a large diameter right from its input, practically preventing it from being associated with a pneumatic booster, and of having high structural complexity and high weight.
The present invention is situated within this context, and proposes to improve the existing braking systems by means of a novel type of master cylinder capable of being produced at a relatively low cost.
To this end, the braking system of the invention is essentially characterized in that this master cylinder which it includes further comprises a third chamber essentially made up of a third cylinder parallel to the first two and extending them in a second direction opposite the first one, this third chamber comprising a third pressure outlet connected to at least one brake motor, a third piston capable of sliding in the first direction, under the effect of an input force, in order to make the pressure on this third outlet increase, and means for transmitting at least part of the input force to the first and second pistons, these force-transmission means comprising at least one communication between the third chamber and the first two, allowing the fluid present in the third chamber to act hydraulically on the first and second pistons by pushing them in the first direction.
In order to increase the operational safety of the master cylinder, the force-transmission means preferably also comprise a balance arm having a base and two branches like a U or
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McCormick Jr. Leo H.
Palguta Larry J.
Ryznic John E.
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