Brakes – Internal-resistance motion retarder – Using a rotary-type fluid damper
Utility Patent
1996-01-02
2001-01-02
Graham, Matthew C. (Department: 3613)
Brakes
Internal-resistance motion retarder
Using a rotary-type fluid damper
Utility Patent
active
06167993
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to braking devices having a hydrodynamic retarder, especially for such devices used in a motor vehicle.
2. Description of Related Technology
It is known to equip braking installations with hydrodynamic retarders. Such retarders may be switchable and include a stator blade wheel and a rotor blade wheel. A line system carries working fluid of the retarder and contains the retarder as well as a cooler. The retarder may include an inlet throttle and/or an outlet throttle. Such braking installations have become known from a number of publications. For example, reference is made to the following:
(1) DE 37 13 580 C1;
(2) DE-AS 1 946 167;
(3) U.S. Pat. No. 4,726,255; and
(4) U.S. Pat. No. 3,720,372.
Retarders are used in heavy vehicles, especially to take up the kinetic braking energy and convert it into heat, especially during braking from high velocities (matching braking). However, retarders are also well-suited for a required continuous braking performance, for example, at a constant velocity of 30 km/h and at a gradient of 7%. The brake fluid is usually oil. The heat transferred to the operating fluid in the retarder must be transferred to the coolant or to the ambient air with the aid of a special heat exchanger.
One of the numerous problems of such braking systems concerns turning the retarder on and off. An attempt to solve this problem has been to fill the retarder with operating medium only for the purpose of braking, but leaving it otherwise unfilled. Another way in which to deal with this problem is to mechanically turn the retarder on and off in the working line.
In the case of mechanically switched retarders, the rpm of the rotor and the retarder must be adjusted to the rpm of the operating line during engagement. In this way, the mass of the rotor is accelerated and at the same time (that is, during the switching), the braking momentum is transferred.
All known switched braking systems have the disadvantage that there is considerable switching work related to switching the retarder on and off. This leads to wear of the participating components and furthermore to a structure of relatively large volume, for example, because of the couplings necessary for such a structure. The constructional expenditure is relatively high. Furthermore, significant noise may occur during the switching process. Switching shocks during turning on and off of the retarder may be especially unpleasant.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to overcome one or more of the problems described above. It is also an object of the invention to provide a switch to braking system which requires relatively small switching work, has a structure with low volume, has simple construction and permits shock-free switching.
A braking system according to the invention includes a switchable hydrodynamic retarder having a stator blade wheel and a rotor blade wheel. The system further includes a line system for carrying a working fluid of the retarder, the retarder being disposed in the line system. A cooler also is disposed in the line system. The system further includes an inlet throttle and/or an outlet throttle. According to the invention, measures are taken for keeping the braking momentum of the retarder below a full value thereof during a turning-on process of the retarder.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the drawings and the appended claims.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3650358 (1972-03-01), Bessier
patent: 3720372 (1973-03-01), Jacobs
patent: 3989127 (1976-11-01), Staudenmaier et al.
patent: 4276970 (1981-07-01), Herrmann et al.
patent: 4726255 (1988-02-01), Humpfer et al.
patent: 4773513 (1988-09-01), Herrmann et al.
patent: 5090523 (1992-02-01), Vogelsang
patent: 5333707 (1994-08-01), Kaneda
patent: 1 946 167 (1970-03-01), None
patent: 37 13 580 (1988-11-01), None
patent: 41 13 539 (1991-10-01), None
patent: 44 08 349 (1994-10-01), None
patent: 2 056 017 (1981-03-01), None
Adams Werner
Heilinger Peter
Graham Matthew C.
Marshall O'Toole Gerstein Murray & Borun
Voith Turbo GmbH
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