Solid anti-friction devices – materials therefor – lubricant or se – Lubricants or separants for moving solid surfaces and... – Organic compound containing boron
Reexamination Certificate
2002-11-06
2004-01-06
Howard, Jacqueline V. (Department: 1764)
Solid anti-friction devices, materials therefor, lubricant or se
Lubricants or separants for moving solid surfaces and...
Organic compound containing boron
C508S585000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06673751
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention involves boron containing metal overbased calixarates that are useful as additives for various applications to include as multifunctional additives in functional fluids and lubricants such as engine oils for internal combustion engines.
2. Description of the Related Art
Functional fluids and lubricants generally contain one or more additives that provide required performance. Engine oil lubricants for internal combustion engines contain additives to provide detergent and antiwear performance. Basic metal salts of arylsulfonates and sulphur-coupled phenates are commonly added to engine oils to provide detergent performance. Optimum antiwear performance in engines is obtained by including a zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate in an engine oil formulation. Contrary to detergent and antiwear performance requirements, current and future engine oils are being required to gradually reduce sulphur and phosphorus content to improve exhaust emissions performance and comply with environmental regulations.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,340,369 discloses diesel fuels that contain organometallic complexes including complexes derived from a calixarene and a metal reactant where the metal can be a mixture of two or more metals that includes boron.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,114,601, 5,205,946 and 6174844 disclose overbased metal calixarates useful as additives to lubricating oils.
U.S. Patent No. 4,744,920 discloses borated overbased materials that are useful in lubricating oils.
U.S. Patent No. 5,635,459 discloses a functional fluid having improved gear performance that includes as one of its components an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt complex in the form of borated and/or nonborated salts.
Reviews on calixarenes are found in
Monographs in Supramolecular Chemistry
, by C. David Gutsche, series Editor—J. Fraser Stoddart, published by the Royal Society of Chemistry, 1989 and 1998.
It has now been found that the boron-containing metal overbased calixarates of the present invention are multifunctional additives that provide both detergent and antiwear performance to a functional fluid or lubricant such as an engine oil without increasing the sulphur and phosphorus content since these calixarates are free of sulphur and phosphorus.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide detergent and antiwear performance to a lubricant composition.
Another object of the present invention is to provide detergent and antiwear performance to a lubricant composition wherein the lubricant composition is an engine oil for an internal combustion engine.
A further object of the present invention is to provide detergent and antiwear performance to a lubricant composition without increasing the sulphur content and phosphorus content of the lubricant composition.
The objects, advantages and embodiments of the present invention are in part described in this application and in part are obvious from the application or from the practice of this invention. Therefore, it is understood that the invention is claimed as described or obvious as falls within the scope of the appended claims.
To achieve the foregoing objects in accordance with the invention as described and claimed herein, a composition comprises a boron-containing overbased metal salt of a calixarene wherein the calixarene has at least one substituent hydroxyl group capable of reacting with a metal base to form the metal salt; and the boron-containing overbased metal salt of the calixarene is free of sulphur and phosphorus.
In a second embodiment of this invention, a lubricant additive composition comprises the above described composition comprising the boron-containing overbased metal salt of the calixarene wherein the boron-containing overbased calixarate functions as a detergent and an antiwear agent.
In a third embodiment of the present invention, a lubricant composition comprises a lubricating oil and the above described lubricant additive composition.
In a fourth embodiment of this invention, a method to lubricate an internal combustion engine comprises lubricating the engine with the above described lubricant composition that includes the boron-containing overbased calixarate wherein the calixarate provides detergent and antiwear performance without increasing sulphur and phosphorus content.
In a fifth embodiment of this invention, a process to prepare the boron-containing overbased calixarate comprises reacting a calixarene or low based metal salt thereof, a metal base, a solvent as described herein, carbon dioxide, and orthoboric acid or a reactive equivalent thereof that is added before the addition of carbon dioxide.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A composition of the present invention comprises a boron-containing overbased metal salt of a calixarene wherein the calixarene has at least one substituent hydroxyl group capable of reacting with a metal base to form the metal salt; and the boron-containing overbased metal salt of the calixarene is free of sulphur and phosphorus.
A metal salt of a calixarene can be termed a metal calixarate, and the boron-containing overbased metal salt of a calixarene can be referred to as a boron-containing overbased calixarate.
The calixarene portion of the boron-containing overbased calixarate is a cyclic oligomer prepared by condensation of a hydroxyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon compound with a coupling reagent to form a cyclocondensation product that has a cone or calix-like shape. The hydroxyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon compound can have one or more hydroxyl groups to include phenols and resorcinols. The hydroxyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon compound can have from zero to three hydrocarbyl substituents. In one embodiment the hydroxy aromatic hydrocarbon compound has no hydrocarbyl substituents and in a second embodiment has one hydrocarbyl substituent. The hydrocarbyl substituent is a univalent radical that contains one or more carbon atoms and is predominately hydrocarbon in nature, but can have heteroatoms in the hydrocarbon chain and can have nonhydrocarbon groups such as a hydroxyl group attached to the hydrocarbon chain. The hydrocarbyl substituent can have on the average 1 to 215 carbon atoms and in other embodiments on average 2 to 100 carbon atoms, 4 to 50 carbon atoms, and 8 to 30 carbon atoms. The hydrocarbyl substituent can be derived from an olefin such as isobutylene, or a mixture of two or more olefins. The hydrocarbyl substituent can be derived from a polyolefin such as a polypropylene tetramer or a C
18
polyethylene, or a mixture of two or more polyolefins. The polyolefin can be a homopolymer from a single olefin monomer, a copolymer from a mixture of two or more olefin monomers, and includes mixtures of homopolymers and copolymers. The hydrocarbyl substituent can also be derived from a mixture of an olefin and a polyolefin such as a mixture of isobutylene and a polypropylene tetramer. Alternatively to using mixtures of olefins and/or polyolefins, a first hydroxyl aromatic compound can be alkylated with a first olefin or polyolefin, a second hydroxyl aromatic compound can be alkylated with a second olefin or polyolefin, and then the two alkylated hydroxyl aromatic compounds can be admixed. The hydrocarbyl substituent can be a straight chain, a branched chain, or mixtures thereof. Hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxy-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon compounds can be prepared by well known procedures such as a Lewis acid catalyzed alkylation reaction of phenol with an olefin or polyolefin.
The coupling reagent used to prepare the calixarene can be an aldehyde such as formaldehyde or acetaldehyde, a ketone, a sulfurizing agent such as elemental sulphur, a dihaloalkane, a dihydroxyalkane, or mixtures thereof.
The number of repeating units of the hydroxy-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon compound in the calixarene can be at least 3 and in other embodiments of the invention can be at least 4, or 3 to 12, or 4 to 12. In another embodiment of the present invention the calixarene can be a mixture of cylic oligome
Cressey David
Durham D. John
Moreton David J.
Esposito Michael F.
Howard Jacqueline V.
Munson Jeffrey F.
The Lubrizol Corporation
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