Surgery – Diagnostic testing – Liquid collection
Reexamination Certificate
1999-07-09
2001-03-13
Hindenburg, Max (Department: 3736)
Surgery
Diagnostic testing
Liquid collection
Reexamination Certificate
active
06200276
ABSTRACT:
This invention relates to a blood collecting device according to the definition of the species of claim
1
.
In surgery there is often a great deal of blood at the operation site, which was previously often removed only by suction and then discarded. However, since this blood can be very valuable as a supplemental supply from the standpoint of supplying the patient with donor blood, there have already been numerous proposals for collecting this blood and reprocessing it so that it can be resupplied to the patient.
For example, European Patent 669,139 A has already disclosed a generic blood collecting device in which a partial vacuum is produced so that a blood mixture can be collected by suction from an operation site. This blood is usually contaminated with blood clots, tissue particles, tissue fibers and the like and is more or less extensively diluted and also mixed with anticoagulants. Particulate impurities are filtered out, and the remaining blood is administered to the patient in the form of a transfusion.
The design of the known blood collecting device according to European Patent 669,139 A is shown schematically in
FIGS. 1 and 2
. The vacuum container, not shown in detail, of the blood collecting device has an inner bag
10
, which is fixedly connected to a cover
12
. A rigid filter screen
14
is also connected to the cover
12
. The filter screen
14
projects into the bag
10
, as shown in
FIGS. 1 and 2
. A vacuum is created between bag
10
and the vacuum container (not shown in detail here), causing the bag to expand and draw in blood. A drain tube for the filtered blood mixture is arranged between bag
10
and filter
14
in a manner not shown in detail here.
One disadvantage of the known blood collecting device is that the filter projects into the bag. Because of the bag-like construction of the filter, the liquid flow is separated from the air flow on entering the blood collecting device and is conveyed separately through the filter, as indicated by arrow A for air and arrow B for the blood mixture in
FIGS. 1 and 2
.
Blood drips into filter bag
14
, whereas the air flow passes the filter at the side. The pressure difference driving the blood through the filter is created by the filling level of the blood in filter bag
14
, i.e., by the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid column on the filter. When the filter bag is immersed, the pressure is created by the geodetic difference in height between the filling levels inside and outside the filter, as illustrated in FIG.
2
. The driving pressure difference is typically a maximum of 0.015 bar, i.e., approximately 15 cm liquid column. The filter bag thus empties slowly and not at all if the filter is wetted with clots, for example. In the filter bag, the blood remains in contact for a long time with more solid waste products such as tissue fragments which have a coagulation activating effect. This can lead to blockage of the filter due to additional clotting. Blood is then retained by the filter and cannot be removed from the reservoir.
Other blood collecting containers without any internal bag are also known. At the top, these rigid containers have a blood mixture inlet and an air exhaust. However, the blood outlet may be located in the cover or on the bottom. If it is located in the cover, a drain line leads from the bottom to the cover. If the outlet is at the bottom, the blood mixture runs out of the container by gravity.
However, an embodiment with an internal flexible bag is preferred, because only the internal flexible bag is replaced after the blood collection is completed, so the disposable part is inexpensive.
The object of the present invention is to improve upon a generic blood collecting device, to prevent blockage and clogging of the filter and also increase the recovery of blood cells.
According to the present invention, this object is achieved against the background of a generic blood collecting device through the additional characterizing features of claim
1
.
The blood filter is designed in the form of a filter chamber in the cover or directly adjoining it. According to the present invention, only the bottom of the filter chamber is designed as a filter, with this filter being bordered at the edges and not supported. This gives the filter surface a certain flexibility in the direction of flow. Surprisingly, a reduction in flow or obstruction is completely prevented due to this increased flexibility, which can be explained by the displacement and shifting of the retained group material because of the movement of the filter.
In addition, due to the fact that the filter is no longer designed as a bag projecting into the blood reservoir, this prevents the air flow from carrying the blood to be filtered through the filter along a separate path. The blood filter is now designed so that the air flow runs parallel to the liquid flow through the filter surface of the blood filter. Thus, the air flow produced by the partial vacuum is the driving force for filtration. The maximum pressure difference driving the blood through the filter with this blood collecting device according to this invention is on the order of the vacuum pressure which is approximately 0.1 bar. Consequently, the blood has only a very short dwell time inside the filter arrangement and passes through the filter very rapidly. Filter efficiency is increased, permitting a reduction in filter size and reducing expensive treatment steps for the filter medium, such as siliconization to increase filter efficiency. Furthermore, the contact time with coagulation-active solid waste components is minimized. Due to the integration of the filter in the cover, the filter is not immersed in the temporarily stored blood. The filter retains practically no blood, thus greatly increasing the recovery of blood cells in the filter.
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patent: 4775360 (1988-10-01), Lane et al.
patent: 4857042 (1989-08-01), Schneider
patent: 4976707 (1990-12-01), Bodicky et al.
patent: 5223228 (1993-06-01), Telang et al.
patent: 5354262 (1994-10-01), Boehringer et al.
patent: 5800779 (1998-09-01), Johnson
patent: 5997519 (1999-12-01), Hemstreet et al.
patent: 198 02 351 (1999-08-01), None
patent: 351 980 (1990-01-01), None
patent: 669 139 (1995-08-01), None
patent: WO 97/14450 (1997-04-01), None
patent: WO 98/17369 (1998-04-01), None
Biesel Wolfgang
Witthaus Friedrich
Fresenius AG
Hindenburg Max
Kenyon & Kenyon
Szmal Brian
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