Bleeder powered gating amplifier

Radiant energy – Photocells; circuits and apparatus – Photocell controlled circuit

Reexamination Certificate

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C250S2140VT

Reexamination Certificate

active

07112773

ABSTRACT:
A gating circuit switches the responsivity of a photomultiplier tube between ON and OFF states by modulating the voltage bias of the one or more of its electrodes. The gating circuit capacitively couples a voltage pulse to the photocathode or other electrode of the photomultiplier tube in response to a low-voltage gating triggering signal. The voltage divider network and high-voltage power supply used to statically bias the photomultiplier tube also power the gating circuitry and source the gating voltage pulse, thus circumventing the need for a separate high-voltage power supply. The gating circuit represents a near-inconsequential burden on the power supply, as it draws practically negligible current from the voltage divider network. The electrode gating pulse characteristics, including rise- and fall-times, voltage swing amplitude and duration, can be modified by adjusting resistor and capacitor values and Zener diode characteristics of the gating circuit and voltage divider network. The circuit can also be used to gate related devices such as microchannel plates and image intensifiers.

REFERENCES:
patent: 5051572 (1991-09-01), Joseph et al.
J.R. Herman et al., “Normally on photomultiplier gating circuit with reduced post-gate artifacts for use in transient luminescence measurements,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 63(11), pp. 5454-5458, Nov. 1992.
D.G. Jameson et al., “A nanosecond gating circuit for use with a photomultiplier with a focus electrode,” Journal of Physics E: Scientific Instruments, vol. 8, pp. 635-636, (1975).
T.M. Yoshida, “A high-speed photomultiplier gating circuit for luminescence measurements,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 60(9), pp. 2924-2928, Sep. 1989.
T.D.S. Hamilton, “Variable duration photomultiplier gating circuit,” J. Phys. E: Scientific Instruments, vol. 4, pp. 326-327, (1971).
M. Bruce Schulman, “Gating circuit for linear-focused photomultiplier,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 60(7), pp. 1264-1266, Jul. 1989.
B. George Barisas et al., “Grid-gated photomultiplier photometer with subnanosecond time response,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 51(1), pp. 74-78, Jan. 1980.
D.J. Creasey et al., “A fast photomultiplier tube gating system for photon counting applications,” Rev. Sci. Instrum., vol. 69, No. 12 (1998).
Vishay Intertechnoogy, Inc., Technical Data Sheet for N-Channel 60-V (D-S) MOSFET.
SGS-Thomson Microelectronics Technical Data Sheet for HCC/HCF40109B Quad Low-To-High Volgate Level Shifter.
Photek Technical Note 98G for PMT Grating.
Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. Technical Data Sheet for H7680/-01 Gated PMT Modules.

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